Prudent Protomognathus and despotic Leptothorax duloticus: Differential costs of ant slavery
Prudent Protomognathus and despotic Leptothorax duloticus: Differential costs of ant slavery
复制标题
谨慎的原颌龙和专制的细胸龙：奴役蚂蚁的不同成本
DOI：
--
复制
发表时间：
2001
影响因子：
11.1
通讯作者：
T. Alloway
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
J. Hare;T. Alloway
蚂蚁奴役的概念建立在一个未经验证的假设之上，即制造奴隶的蚂蚁对它们袭击的物种的殖民地施加了适应性成本。我们对这一假设进行了验证，方法是比较在没有奴隶制造者的野外环境中，钩胸蚁（Leptothorax spp.）与强制性奴隶制造者美洲原蚁（Protomognathus americanus）或强制性奴隶制造者钩胸蚁（Leptothorax duloticus）的夏季季节性生产力。长棘细胸蝇种群与美洲长棘细胸蝇种群在人口统计学属性上没有显著差异。相比之下，暴露于长尾钩胸蝇的弯胸蝇种群相比于未暴露于奴隶制造者的对照种群，其成年蜂王、工蜂和幼虫数量显著减少。这些奴隶制造者对其宿主物种种群影响的显著差异与在实验室中观察到的奴隶制造者行为的差异有关，这可能解释了为什么美洲疟原虫在自然界中比多洛蒂库斯疟原虫更丰富。似乎更高级的社会性寄生虫，如解剖学上的寄生虫，会进化到尽量减少对宿主的影响，因此可以被视为“谨慎的社会性寄生虫”。
The concept of ant slavery rests on the untested assumption that slave-making ants impose fitness costs on colonies of the species they raid. We tested that assumption by comparing the summertime seasonal productivity of Leptothorax spp. colonies in field exclosures without slavemakers, with a colony of the obligatory slave-making ant Protomognathus americanus, or with a colony of the obligatory slavemaker Leptothorax duloticus. Leptothorax longispinosus colonies placed in exclosures with P. americanus colonies did not differ significantly in any demographic attribute from colonies in exclosures without slavemakers. By contrast, Leptothorax curvispinosus colonies exposed to L. duloticus experienced significant reductions in dealate queens, workers, and larvae relative to control colonies exclosed without slavemakers. The pronounced difference in the impact of these slavemakers on their host-species populations correlates with differences in the behavior of the slavemakers observed in the laboratory and likely explains why P. americanus is more abundant than L. duloticus in nature. It seems that more advanced social parasites, like anatomical parasites, evolve to minimize their impact on their hosts, and thus can be regarded as “prudent social parasites.”