The Production of p-Cresol Sulfate and Indoxyl Sulfate in Vegetarians Versus Omnivores
The Production of p-Cresol Sulfate and Indoxyl Sulfate in Vegetarians Versus Omnivores
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DOI：
10.2215/cjn.12491211
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发表时间：
2012-06-01
影响因子：
9.8
通讯作者：
Meyer, Timothy W.
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Patel, Kajal P.;Luo, Frank J. -G.;Meyer, Timothy W.
背景和目的对甲酚硫酸酯（PCS）和吲哚酚硫酸酯（IS）是由结肠细菌作用于逃避小肠吸收的食物成分产生的。因此，这些潜在有毒化合物的产生可能受到饮食的影响。这项研究考察了素食者和杂食者中PCS和IS的产生是否不同。设计、设置、参与者和测量在肾功能正常的参与者中，通过测量他们的尿排泄率来评估PCS和IS的产生。研究对象是15名素食者和11名饮食不受限制的人。参与者记录了4天内的食物摄入量，并在间隔1个月的两个研究期的最后两天收集了尿液。结果素食者的平均PCS排泄比无限制饮食者低62%(95%置信区间[95% CI] 15-83)，平均IS排泄比无限制饮食者低58% （95% CI, 39-71）。食物记录显示，素食者体内PCS和IS的排泄量较低，纤维摄入量增加69% (95% CI, 20-139)，蛋白质摄入量减少25% （95% CI, 3-42）。个体参与者的PCS和IS排泄率差异很大，彼此之间不密切相关，但在个体参与者中趋于稳定超过1个月。结论：素食者的PCS和IS生成率明显低于无限制饮食者。中华临床医学杂志，2012,31(2):382 - 388。doi: 10.2215 / CJN.12491211
Background and objectives The uremic solutes p-cresol sulfate (PCS) and indoxyl sulfate (IS) are generated by colon bacteria acting on food components that escape absorption in the small bowel. The production of these potentially toxic compounds may thus be influenced by diet. This study examined whether production of PCS and IS is different in vegetarians and omnivores.Design, setting, participants, & measurements The production of PCS and IS was assessed by measuring their urinary excretion rates in participants with normal kidney function. Studies were carried out in 15 vegetarians and 11 individuals consuming an unrestricted diet. Participants recorded food intake over 4 days and collected urine over the final 2 days of each of two study periods, which were 1 month apart.Results Average PCS excretion was 62% lower (95% confidence interval [95% CI] 15-83) and average IS excretion was 58% lower (95% CI, 39-71) in vegetarians than in participants consuming an unrestricted diet. Food records revealed that lower excretion of PCS and IS in vegetarians was associated with a 69% higher (95% CI, 20-139) fiber intake and a 25% lower (95% CI, 3-42) protein intake. PCS and IS excretion rates varied widely among individual participants and were not closely correlated with each other but tended to remain stable in individual participants over 1 month.Conclusions PCS and IS production rates are markedly lower in vegetarians than in individuals consuming an unrestricted diet. Clin J Am Soc Nephrol 7: 982-988, 2012. doi: 10.2215/CJN.12491211