A Sponge-like Structure Involved in the Association and Transport of Maternal Products during Drosophila Oogenesis
A Sponge-like Structure Involved in the Association and Transport of Maternal Products during Drosophila Oogenesis
复制标题
果蝇卵子发生过程中参与母体产物结合和运输的海绵状结构
作者：
Michaela Wilsch;H. Schwarz;C. Nüsslein
果蝇胚胎前后轴的形成需要卵子发生过程中母体提供的RNA的定位。在这里，我们描述了一个亚细胞结构，在护士细胞和卵母细胞，这可能是一个细胞内区室组装和运输的母体产品参与RNA定位。这种结构，我们称之为“海绵体”，由ER样池组成，嵌入无定形电子致密物质中。它缺乏周围的膜，经常与线粒体有关。海绵体与高尔基复合体不同。我们认为，海绵体是同源的线粒体云在爪蟾卵母细胞，颗粒纤维状结构，包含RNA参与胚胎的图案。Experimentantia蛋白，已知的最早的因素是需要本地化的bicoid mRNA的果蝇卵母细胞的前极，是高度富集的海绵体，但不是这些的基本结构组成部分。RNA染色表明海绵体含有RNA。然而，无论是这种染色的强度，也不是海绵体中Experimantia的积累是依赖于卵巢中存在的bicoid mRNA的量。海绵体围绕着可能是极性颗粒前体的nuage。微管和微丝不存在于海绵体中，尽管它们存在于细胞质桥中暗示了海绵体通过细胞的运输。我们建议，海绵体的结构，通过组装和运输的分子或相关结构，参与定位的mRNA在果蝇卵母细胞。
Localization of maternally provided RNAs during oogenesis is required for formation of the antero–posterior axis of the Drosophila embryo. Here we describe a subcellular structure in nurse cells and oocytes which may function as an intracellular compartment for assembly and transport of maternal products involved in RNA localization. This structure, which we have termed “sponge body,” consists of ER-like cisternae, embedded in an amorphous electron-dense mass. It lacks a surrounding membrane and is frequently associated with mitochondria. The sponge bodies are not identical to the Golgi complexes. We suggest that the sponge bodies are homologous to the mitochondrial cloud in Xenopus oocytes, a granulo-fibrillar structure that contains RNAs involved in patterning of the embryo. Exuperantia protein, the earliest factor known to be required for the localization of bicoid mRNA to the anterior pole of the Drosophila oocyte, is highly enriched in the sponge bodies but not an essential structural component of these. RNA staining indicates that sponge bodies contain RNA. However, neither the intensity of this staining nor the accumulation of Exuperantia in the sponge bodies is dependent on the amount of bicoid mRNA present in the ovaries. Sponge bodies surround nuage, a possible polar granule precursor. Microtubules and microfilaments are not present in sponge bodies, although transport of the sponge bodies through the cells is implied by their presence in cytoplasmic bridges. We propose that the sponge bodies are structures that, by assembly and transport of included molecules or associated structures, are involved in localization of mRNAs in Drosophila oocytes.
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