Distance determined by the angular declination below the horizon
Distance determined by the angular declination below the horizon
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DOI：
10.1038/35102562
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发表时间：
2001-11-08
期刊：
影响因子：
64.8
通讯作者：
He, ZJJ
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Ooi, TL;Wu, B;He, ZJJ
当生物系统利用其环境中的规律性时，通常效率更高（1,2）。像其他陆地生物一样，我们的空间感依赖于与地面相关的规律（2-6）。一个简单但重要的生态学事实是，地面的视野从近（英尺）向上延伸到无限（地平线）(2)。它构成了一个三角关系的基础，在这个三角关系中，地面上的物体越远，它在视野中的位置就越高，而在无限远处的物体在地平线上被看到。在这里，我们为视觉系统使用地平线以下的角度偏角来判断距离的假设提供了支持。使用视觉定向行动任务（7-10），我们发现，当通过基座棱镜进行双目观察时，角度偏角增加，观察者会低估距离。然而，在适应了相同的棱镜后，观测者对棱镜移除的距离估计过高。最重要的是，我们发现棱镜自适应后的距离高估是由于人眼水平降低导致的，这降低了物体在地平线以下的角度偏角。
A biological system is often more efficient when it takes advantage of the regularities in its environment(1,2). Like other terrestrial creatures, our spatial sense relies on the regularities associated with the ground surface(2-6). A simple, but important, ecological fact is that the field of view of the ground surface extends upwards from near (feet) to infinity (horizon)(2). It forms the basis of a trigonometric relationship wherein the further an object on the ground is, the higher in the field of view it looks, with an object at infinity being seen at the horizon. Here, we provide support for the hypothesis that the visual system uses the angular declination below the horizon for distance judgement. Using a visually directed action task(7-10), we found that when the angular declination was increased by binocularly viewing through base-up prisms, the observer underestimated distance. After adapting to the same prisms, however, the observer overestimated distance on prism removal. Most significantly, we show that the distance overestimation as an after-effect of prism adaptation was due to a lowered perceived eye level, which reduced the object's angular declination below the horizon.