Electrodermal hyporeactivity and antisocial behavior: does anxiety mediate the relationship?
Electrodermal hyporeactivity and antisocial behavior: does anxiety mediate the relationship?
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DOI：
10.1016/s0165-0327(00)00336-0
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发表时间：
2000-12-01
影响因子：
6.6
通讯作者：
Fowles, DC
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Fowles, DC
预期厌恶性刺激时的皮肤电低反应性是诊断出的精神病和社会化不足的攻击性行为障碍（UACD）的高度可靠的联系，并且它已被解释为反映了Gray工作中概念化的弱行为抑制系统（BIS）（例如，作者：Royce，J.R. (Ed.),多元分析与心理学理论Academic Press，纽约，NY，第409页，1973）。这种解释预测，皮肤电低反应性应与一个单一的气质维度，涉及低焦虑和行为去抑制。然而，气质量表识别特质焦虑/神经质和抑制性控制的单独维度，大多数研究者认为BIS与特质焦虑/神经质维度相关。本综述支持这样的观点，即皮肤电反应性低与低焦虑和去抑制，正如预期的那样，并可能与情绪表达控制不良。此外，皮肤电低反应性似乎与精神病患者的冲动性维度有关，而不是与精神病患者的核心人格特征有关。最近的研究结果提出了一种可能性，即精神病患者患有比弱BIS更广泛的缺陷（有时被描述为执行功能缺陷），并且皮肤电反应低下可能与这种更广泛的缺陷有关。有人建议，冲动的问题更强烈地记录比更广泛的概念，执行功能缺陷和初级去抑制可以产生次级执行功能缺陷。去抑制缺陷与弱BIS假说一致。总的来说，结果似乎与皮肤电反应性低下-弱BIS假说一致，但仍有许多问题有待解决。(C)2000 Elsevier Science BSI。All rights reserved.
Electrodermal hyporeactivity in the anticipation of aversive stimuli is a highly reliable con-elate of diagnosed psychopathy and undersocialized aggressive conduct disorder (UACD), and it has been interpreted as reflecting a weak behavioral inhibition system (BIS) as conceptualized in Gray's work (e.g., in: Royce, J.R. (Ed.), Multivariate Analysis and Psychological Theory. Academic Press, New York, NY, p. 409, 1973). This interpretation predicts that electrodermal hyporeactivity should be associated with a single dimension of temperament involving both low anxiety and behavioral disinhibition. However, temperament scales identify separate dimensions of trait anxiety/neuroticism and inhibitory control, and most investigators have assumed that the BIS is associated with the trait anxiety/neuroticism dimension. The present review supports the view that electrodermal hyporeactivity is associated with both low anxiety and disinhibition, as expected, and, possibly, with poor control of emotional expression. Additionally, electrodermal hyporeactivity appears to relate to an impulsivity dimension among psychopaths rather than to the core personality features of psychopathy. Recent findings raise the possibility that psychopaths suffer from a broader deficit (sometimes described as an executive function deficit) than a weak BIS and that electrodermal hyporeactivity might relate to this broader deficit. It is proposed that problems with impulsivity are more strongly documented than the broader concept of executive function deficits and that a primary disinhibition can produce secondary executive function deficits. A disinhibitory deficit is consistent with the weak BIS hypothesis. Overall, the results appear to be consistent with the electrodermal hyporeactivity-weak BIS hypothesis, but many issues remain to be resolved. (C) 2000 Elsevier Science BSI. All rights reserved.