Gender Roles and Employment Pathways of Older Women and Men in England
Gender Roles and Employment Pathways of Older Women and Men in England
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英国老年女性和男性的性别角色和就业途径
DOI：
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发表时间：
2017
期刊：
影响因子：
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通讯作者：
Ben Baumberg Geiger
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
M. van der Horst;D. Lain;S. Vickerstaff;C. Clark;Ben Baumberg Geiger
在人口老龄化的背景下，英国政府鼓励人们延长工作时间并推迟退休，据称许多人现在从全职工作“逐步”过渡到兼职工作再到退休。然而，根据英国的“改良男性养家糊口”模型，老年时的兼职工作可能主要是由于女性在老年之前从事兼职工作。因此，本文分别研究了男性和女性在老年时过渡到兼职工作的程度，以及这种过渡是否受到婚姻状况的影响。本文使用英国老龄化纵向研究对老年男性和女性进行了 10 年的追踪，提出了序列、聚类和多项逻辑回归分析。几乎没有证据表明人们在老年后从事兼职工作。通常，女性根本不工作或从事兼职工作（有些人继续从事兼职工作，有些人退休/退出这项活动）。与“改良的男性养家糊口”的逻辑一致，婚姻与女性属于典型的“女性就业途径集群”的可能性呈正相关，这些集群主要由兼职工作或不就业组成。无论婚姻状况如何，男性大多从事全职工作。因此，由于传统性别角色对就业的影响，延长老年妇女工作寿命的尝试可能会变得复杂。
In the context of population aging, the U.K. government is encouraging people to work longer and delay retirement, and it is claimed that many people now make “gradual” transitions from full-time to part-time work to retirement. Part-time employment in older age may, however, be largely due to women working part-time before older age, as per a U.K. “modified male breadwinner” model. This article therefore separately examines the extent to which men and women make transitions into part-time work in older age, and whether such transitions are influenced by marital status. Following older men and women over a 10-year period using the English Longitudinal Study of Ageing, this article presents sequence, cluster, and multinomial logistic regression analyses. Little evidence is found for people moving into part-time work in older age. Typically, women did not work at all or they worked part-time (with some remaining in part-time work and some retiring/exiting from this activity). Consistent with a “modified male breadwinner” logic, marriage was positively related to the likelihood of women belonging to typically “female employment pathway clusters,” which mostly consist of part-time work or not being employed. Men were mostly working full-time regardless of marital status. Attempts to extend working lives among older women are therefore likely to be complicated by the influence of traditional gender roles on employment.
DOI：
10.1093/geronb/57.4.s199
发表时间：
2002
期刊：
The journals of gerontology. Series B, Psychological sciences and social sciences
影响因子：
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作者：
Pienta,AmyMehraban;Hayward,MarkD
通讯作者：
Hayward,MarkD