Conserved ribosomal RNA modification and their putative roles in ribosome blogenesis and translation
Conserved ribosomal RNA modification and their putative roles in ribosome blogenesis and translation
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DOI：
10.1007/b105433
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发表时间：
2005-01-01
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影响因子：
--
通讯作者：
Lapeyre, B
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Lapeyre, B
摘要RNA的成熟需要对核糖和碱基进行广泛的共价修饰。这些修改只涉及分子中最保守的区域，一些修改在整个进化过程中高度保守。在细菌中，rRNA的修饰完全是通过位点特异性的酶来实现的，而在古生物和真核生物中，2‘-O-甲基核糖和伪尿苷的形成是由大量的snoRNA引导的，这些snoRNA将催化机制引导到前rRNA上的靶点。这些修饰的确切功能仍然难以捉摸，因为阻止它们的形成通常会导致检测不到表型。然而，大多数催化形成这些修饰的酶是由酵母中的必要基因编码的。此外，在某些情况下，阻止几种修饰的形成同时影响核糖体的生物发生和翻译。这篇综述介绍了在整个进化过程中保守的rRNA修饰，并特别强调了最近发现的2‘-O-核糖RNA甲基转移酶Spb1p，它打破了“仅由snoRNA引导”的甲基化教条。
AbstractrRNA maturation requires extensive covalent modifications of riboses and bases. These modifications concern exclusively the most conserved regions of the molecule, and some modifications are highly conserved throughout the evolution. In bacteria, rRNA modification is achieved exclusively by site-specific enzymes while in archaea and eukaryotes the formation of 2’-O-methylriboses and pseudouridines is guided by numerous snoRNA that direct a catalytic machinery to the target sites on the pre-rRNA. The exact function of these modifications remains elusive since preventing their formation generally leads to no detectable phenotype. However, most of the enzymes that catalyze the formation of these modifications are encoded by essential genes in yeast. Moreover, in some cases preventing the formation of several modifications simultaneously affect ribosome biogenesis and translation. This review presents rRNA modifications that have been conserved throughout the evolution and it gives a special emphasis to the recently characterized 2’-O-ribose RNA methyltransferase Spb1p, which broke the “snoRNA-guided only” methylation dogma.