Many-objective optimization and visual analytics reveal key trade-offs for London's water supply
Many-objective optimization and visual analytics reveal key trade-offs for London's water supply
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DOI：
10.1016/j.jhydrol.2015.11.003
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发表时间：
2015-12
影响因子：
6.4
通讯作者：
E. Matrosov;I. Huskova;J. Kasprzyk;J. Harou;C. Lambert;P. Reed
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
E. Matrosov;I. Huskova;J. Kasprzyk;J. Harou;C. Lambert;P. Reed
在这项研究中，我们将水资源管理模拟器与多目标搜索联系起来，以揭示规划现实世界水资源系统所固有的关键权衡。我们考虑新的供应和需求管理(节约)方案，同时试图阐明满足预计水需求的最佳方案组合之间的权衡。替代系统设计采用性能指标进行评估，在满足供应可靠性限制的情况下，最大限度地减少资本和运营成本以及能源使用，同时最大限度地提高弹性、工程和环境指标。我们的分析表明，多目标进化优化与最先进的视觉分析相结合，可以帮助规划者发现更多样化的供水系统设计，并更好地了解其内在的权衡。该方法被用于探索泰晤士河水资源系统(包括伦敦的供水)未来的供水选择。新的供应选择包括新建水库、调水、人工补给、废水再利用和微咸水淡化。需求管理选项包括减少泄漏、强制计量和季节性收费。泰晤士河系统的帕累托近似投资组合分为不同的供水选项；例如，实施管道翻新计划会带来更高的资本成本，但更可靠。这项研究强调，传统的供水系统最低成本可靠性约束设计掩盖了资产组合，只有在考虑更多规划目标时，资产组合的好处才变得明显。
In this study, we link a water resource management simulator to multi-objective search to reveal the key trade-offs inherent in planning a real-world water resource system. We consider new supplies and demand management (conservation) options while seeking to elucidate the trade-offs between the best portfolios of schemes to satisfy projected water demands. Alternative system designs are evaluated using performance measures that minimize capital and operating costs and energy use while maximizing resilience, engineering and environmental metrics, subject to supply reliability constraints. Our analysis shows many-objective evolutionary optimization coupled with state-of-the art visual analytics can help planners discover more diverse water supply system designs and better understand their inherent trade-offs. The approach is used to explore future water supply options for the Thames water resource system (including London’s water supply). New supply options include a new reservoir, water transfers, artificial recharge, wastewater reuse and brackish groundwater desalination. Demand management options include leakage reduction, compulsory metering and seasonal tariffs. The Thames system’s Pareto approximate portfolios cluster into distinct groups of water supply options; for example implementing a pipe refurbishment program leads to higher capital costs but greater reliability. This study highlights that traditional least-cost reliability constrained design of water supply systems masks asset combinations whose benefits only become apparent when more planning objectives are considered.