The impact of airspace regulations on unmanned aerial vehicles in last-mile operation
The impact of airspace regulations on unmanned aerial vehicles in last-mile operation
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DOI：
10.1016/j.trd.2020.102480
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发表时间：
2020-10-01
影响因子：
7.6
通讯作者：
Mohamed, Moataz
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Elsayed, Mo;Mohamed, Moataz
在最后一英里的包裹递送中使用无人驾驶飞行器（无人机）被认为是最终的颠覆性技术，可能会大大减少货运部门的温室气体排放。本研究估算了不同政策下无人机与柴油和电动地面运输模式相比的CO（2）e排放量。首先，综合国际无人机飞行法规，并将其分为三组，代表不同程度的政策严格性。其次，利用真实世界的交付需求数据，全天包裹交付业务的三位数的邮政编码区在城市和农村的背景下，无人机和地面交付模式进行了模拟。结果表明，一般来说，无人机的每包裹公里排放量比地面运输低得多，比电动汽车低35%。然而，无人机的排放高度依赖于发电所使用的燃料组合。在城市环境中，严格的无人机政策可能使温室气体排放量增加高达400%。
Utilizing autonomous unmanned aerial vehicles (drones) in the last-mile delivery of parcels is regarded as the ultimate disruptive technology that might significantly reduce the GHG emissions in the freight sector. This study estimates the CO(2)e emissions for UAVs under different policies compared to diesel and electric ground delivery modes. First, the international UAV flight regulations are synthesized and classified into three groups representing varying degrees of policy strictness. Second, utilizing real-word delivery demand data, full-day parcel-delivery operations of a three-digit postal code area in both urban and rural contexts are simulated for UAVs and ground delivery modes. The results show that in general, UAVs produce significantly lower emissions compared to ground delivery per parcel-km and up to 35% compared to electric vehicles. However, UAV emissions are highly dependent on the fuel mix used in electricity generation. In urban contexts, UAV policy strictness can increase GHG emissions by up to 400%.