Modifying alcohol-related expectancies in grade-school children.
Modifying alcohol-related expectancies in grade-school children.
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DOI：
10.15288/jsa.1994.55.535
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发表时间：
1994-09
期刊：
影响因子：
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通讯作者：
Deborah Kraus;Gregory T. Smith;Hilary Horn Ratner
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Deborah Kraus;Gregory T. Smith;Hilary Horn Ratner
对酒精强化的期望似乎是在小学时期形成的，并在问题饮酒行为中起到了因果作用。我们以268名二至四年级学生为样本，调查了儿童的期望值是否能被成功地修正。孩子们被随机分配到四种条件中的一种：两种试验性的预期修改条件(使用10分钟的视频干预)，一种控制条件，包括一段10分钟的关于酒精有害影响的事实视频，以及一种不干预的控制条件。与对照组相比，期望值在一种实验条件下增加，在另一种条件下降低；这些变化在4周的跟踪中持续。这表明，预期修正应作为当前预防计划的辅助措施进行测试。描述了性别和家族问题饮酒或酗酒史与期望背书的关系。
Expectancies for reinforcement from alcohol appear to form during the grade-school years and play a causal role in problem drinking behavior. Using a sample of 268 second through fourth graders, we investigated whether children's expectancies could be modified successfully. Children were randomly assigned to one of four conditions: two experimental expectancy modification conditions (using 10-minute video interventions), one control condition involving a 10-minute video presenting facts concerning alcohol's deleterious effects, and one no-intervention control condition. Relative to controls, expectancies were increased by one experimental condition and decreased by the other; these changes were sustained at 4-week follow-up. This suggests expectancy modification should be tested as an adjunct to current prevention programs. Relations of gender and family history of problem drinking or alcoholism to expectancy endorsement are described.