Duplicative transfer of a MADS box gene to a plant Y chromosome
Duplicative transfer of a MADS box gene to a plant Y chromosome
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DOI：
10.1093/molbev/msg114
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发表时间：
2003-07-01
影响因子：
10.7
通讯作者：
Charlesworth, D
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Matsunaga, S;Isono, E;Charlesworth, D
Y染色体携带有男性生殖功能的基因，通常很少有其他基因座。它们的进化和遗传退化的原因引起了人们的极大兴趣。除了遗传退化，常染色体基因的获得在Y染色体进化中可能是重要的。我们在这里报道了雌雄异株植物宽叶独角莲含有一个完整的MADS盒基因SLAP3Y，该基因复制到Y染色体上。该基因没有X-连锁同源基因，只有常染色体并染色体，SLAP3A，序列差异表明重复是一个相当古老的事件，发生在性染色体进化后不久。进化序列分析表明，SLAP3A和SIAP3Y基因均编码功能蛋白。事实上，定量RT-PCR和原位杂交分析表明，SLAP3A在发育中的花瓣中特异表达，而SLAP3Y在雄蕊发育中表达更强。锥形螺旋藻的同源基因ScAP3A在发育中的花瓣中表达，提示随着雄性特有功能的进化，可能由于调控元件的进化而发生亚功能化。我们的结果表明，常染色体基因的获得是植物Y染色体进化过程中的一个重要事件。
Y chromosomes carry genes with functions in male reproduction and often have few other loci. Their evolution and the causes of genetic degeneration are of great interest. In addition to genetic degeneration, the acquisition of autosomal genes may be important in Y chromosome evolution. We here report that the dioecious plant Silene latifolia harbors a complete MADS box gene, SlAP3Y, duplicated onto the Y chromosome. This gene has no X-linked homologs but only an autosomal paralog, SlAP3A, and sequence divergence suggests that the duplication is a quite old event that occur-red soon after the evolution of the sex chromosomes. Evolutionary sequence analyses using homologs of closely related species, including hermaphroditic Silene conica and dioccious Silene dioica and Silene diclinis, suggest that both SlAP3A and SIAP3Y genes encode functional proteins. Indeed, quantitative RT-PCR and in situ hybridization analyses showed that SlAP3A is expressed specifically in developing petals, but SlAP3Y is much more strongly expressed in developing stamens. The S. conica homolog, ScAP3A, is expressed in developing petals, suggesting subfunctionalization with evolution of male-specific functions, possibly due to evolutionary change in regulatory elements. Our results suggest that the acquisition of autosomal genes is an important event in the evolution of plant Y chromosomes.