Long-Term Immune Responses to Coxiella burnetii after Vaccination
Long-Term Immune Responses to Coxiella burnetii after Vaccination
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DOI：
10.1128/cvi.00613-12
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发表时间：
2013-02-01
影响因子：
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通讯作者：
Massung, Robert F.
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Kersh, Gilbert J.;Fitzpatrick, Kelly A.;Massung, Robert F.
Q热是一种人畜共患疾病，由感染伯氏克希菌引起。伯纳蒂胞杆菌感染导致体液和细胞免疫反应，这两种反应都被认为有助于防止随后的感染。全细胞福尔马林灭活疫苗也已被证明可诱导体液和细胞免疫并提供保护。细胞免疫或体液免疫的测量是否是免疫保护的更好指标尚不清楚，自然感染或疫苗接种诱导的免疫持续时间也知之甚少。为了更好地了解伯纳蒂菌免疫的测量和持续时间，16名接种过Q热疫苗的人（分析前0.2至10.3年）和29名低Q热暴露风险的对照，通过间接荧光抗体试验（IFA）测量循环抗体和γ干扰素释放试验（IGRA）测量细胞免疫，对伯纳蒂菌的免疫反应进行了测试。在接种者中，IFA检测到的抗体为13/16，IGRA也检测到13/16的阳性反应。所有接种疫苗的受试者在至少一项检测中都有阳性反应，而8/29对照受试者在至少一项检测中呈阳性反应。在这些试验中，接种疫苗后的时间与反应之间没有相关性。这些结果表明，IFA和IGRA在检测伯纳蒂菌免疫应答方面表现相似，并且Q热疫苗接种建立了对伯纳蒂菌的长期免疫应答。
Q fever is a zoonotic disease caused by infection with the bacterium Coxiella burnetii. Infection with C. burnetii results in humoral and cellular immune responses, both of which are thought to contribute to protection against subsequent infection. Whole-cell formalin-inactivated vaccines have also been shown to induce both humoral and cellular immunity and provide protection. Whether measurement of cellular or humoral immunity is a better indicator of immune protection is not known, and the duration of immunity induced by natural infection or vaccination is also poorly understood. To better understand the measurement and duration of C. burnetii immunity, 16 people vaccinated against Q fever (0.2 to 10.3 years before analysis) and 29 controls with a low risk of Q fever exposure were tested for immune responses to C. burnetii by an indirect fluorescent-antibody test (IFA) to measure circulating antibody and by a gamma interferon release assay (IGRA) to measure cellular immunity. Among vaccinated subjects, the IFA detected antibodies in 13/16, and the IGRA also detected positive responses in 13/16. All of the vaccinated subjects had a positive response in at least one of the assays, whereas 8/29 control subjects were positive in at least one assay. There was not a correlation between time since vaccination and responses in these assays. These results show that IFA and IGRA perform similarly in detection of C. burnetii immune responses and that Q fever vaccination establishes long-lived immune responses to C. burnetii.