'I Think Smoking's the Same, but the Toys Have Changed.' Understanding Facilitators of E-Cigarette Use among Air Force Personnel.
'I Think Smoking's the Same, but the Toys Have Changed.' Understanding Facilitators of E-Cigarette Use among Air Force Personnel.
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发表时间：
2020-08
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通讯作者：
Krukowski RA
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作者：
Little MA;Pebley K;Porter K;Talcott GW;Krukowski RA
军队对新兵有严格的禁烟规定。虽然近年来大多数烟草产品都有所下降，但电子烟的使用在这一人群中增加了两倍。然而，人们对促进这种反向关系的因素知之甚少。研究在年轻人最初入伍后的高风险时期使用电子烟的促进因素。与飞行员，军事训练领导人（MTL）和技术培训讲师（TTI）进行了焦点小组，以定性探索导致在技术培训中使用的电子烟的独特特征。参与者最常用的烟草产品是香烟（42.7%），其次是电子烟（28.0%）和无烟烟草（22.6%）。近三分之一（28.7%）的参与者报告使用一种以上的烟草产品。电子烟的使用在飞行员（76.1%）中更为常见，而MTLs（10.9%）和TTIs（13.0%）。围绕电子烟使用的四个主要促进因素包括：1）没有理由不使用电子烟; 2）使用电子烟有助于情绪管理; 3）Vaping是一种融入的方式; 4）现有的烟草控制政策对vaping不起作用。电子烟不被认为对自己和他人有害，这可以解释为什么飞行员不太可能遵守现有的烟草控制法规。与利用指定的烟草使用区相比，颠覆被认为是一种健康的选择，因为可能会接触到传统的烟草烟雾。再加上对电子烟法规缺乏了解和执法困难，促进了这一年轻成年人群的使用。研究结果表明，电子烟的使用原因与传统烟草产品相似，但其独特的隐蔽性促进了其广泛使用，并规避了现有的烟草控制政策。为了减少使用，环境政策可能需要与个人和人际层面的行为干预相结合。
The military has stringent anti-tobacco regulations for new recruits. While most tobacco products have declined in recent years, e-cigarette use has tripled among this population. However, little is known about the factors facilitating this inverse relationship. Examine the facilitators of e-cigarette use during a high risk period following initial enlistment among young adults. Focus groups were conducted with Airmen, Military Training Leaders (MTLs) and Technical Training Instructors (TTIs) to qualitatively explore unique characteristics of e-cigarettes leading to use in Technical Training. The most commonly used tobacco product across participants was cigarettes (42.7%), followed by e-cigarettes (28.0%) and smokeless tobacco (22.6%). Almost a third (28.7%) of participants reported using more than one tobacco product. E-cigarette use was much more common among Airmen (76.1%), compared to MTLs (10.9%) and TTIs (13.0%). Four main facilitators around e-cigarette use were identified including: 1) There is no reason not to use e-cigarettes; 2) Using e-cigarettes helps with emotion management; 3) Vaping is a way of fitting in; and 4) Existing tobacco control policies don’t work for vaping. E-cigarettes were not perceived as harmful to self and others, which could explain why Airmen were much less likely to adhere to existing tobacco control regulations. Subversion was viewed as the healthy option compared to utilizing designated tobacco use areas due to the potential exposure to traditional tobacco smoke. This coupled with a lack of understanding about e-cigarette regulations and difficulties with enforcement, promoted use among this young adult population. Findings suggest that e-cigarettes are used for similar reasons as traditional tobacco products, but their unique ability to be concealed promotes their widespread use and circumvents existing tobacco control policies. In order to see reductions in use, environmental policies may need to be paired with behavioral interventions at the personal and interpersonal level.