Associations between chronotype and employment status in a longitudinal study of an elderly population.
Associations between chronotype and employment status in a longitudinal study of an elderly population.
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老年人口纵向研究中的睡眠类型与就业状况之间的关联。
DOI：
10.1080/07420528.2022.2071158
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发表时间：
2022
影响因子：
2.8
通讯作者：
Didikoglu A
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Didikoglu A
如果可以自由选择，具有“晚上”睡眠类型的人往往会比“早晨”睡眠类型的人晚睡和起床。由于学校和职业的原因，早醒时间对于夜间睡眠型的人来说可能更具挑战性，因此预计他们面临更大的健康、职业和教育结果不良风险。我们的目标是在纵向队列中调查时间型与职业、教育和健康结果之间的关联。我们使用曼彻斯特大学 1982 年至 2010 年正常健康老年认知纵向研究的睡眠、社会人口统计学和健康数据。使用线性混合模型估计就业和纵向睡眠中轨迹之间的关系。使用回归估计了就业状况与康奈尔医学指数、贝克抑郁量表评分、按时间型分层的一天中不同时间的皮质醇浓度之间的关联。还使用回归方法检查了时间型、职业成功、教育和认知之间的关系。在老年人中，与非就业参与者相比，就业参与者早起 0.45 小时。与非就业人群相比，晚间型就业人群的睡眠时间较早，且纵向轨迹异常，且随着年龄的增长呈增加趋势。夜间工作型的就业者比早晨型就业的人患抑郁症的风险更高。此外，夜间睡眠型的就业人士在 14:00 的皮质醇浓度高于非就业人士。此外，早晨睡眠型的个体的记忆得分较低，但与晚上相比，早晨睡眠型的个体的处理速度较高。早起型人完成全日制教育的年龄较高。相对于晚上工作类型，早晨工作类型的人从事专业或中级工作的可能性高出 6.5%。我们的研究结果表明，夜间型老年人由于容易受到昼夜节律和睡眠干扰的影响，因此在职业、教育和健康方面处于不利地位。
Individuals with an ‘evening’ chronotype tend to sleep and wake later than people described to be ‘morning’ type if given a free choice. Since early awakening times, due to school and occupation, may be more challenging for those with evening chronotype, they are expected to be at greater risk of adverse health, occupational and educational outcomes. Our objectives are to investigate associations between chronotype and occupational, educational and health outcomes in a longitudinal cohort. We use sleep, sociodemographic and health data from The University of Manchester Longitudinal Study of Cognition in Normal Healthy Old Age, 1982 through 2010. The relationship between employment and longitudinal midsleep trajectories were estimated using linear mixed models. Associations between employment status and Cornell Medical Index, Beck Depression Inventory scores, cortisol concentrations at different times of the day stratified by chronotype were estimated using regression. The relationship between chronotype, occupational success, education, and cognition were also examined using regression methods. In older adults, compared to non-employed participants, employed participants get up 0.45 hours earlier. Evening-type employed individuals had earlier midsleep time compared to their non-employed counterparts and had abnormal longitudinal trajectories with an increasing trend as they aged. Employed individuals with evening chronotype had a higher risk of depression than employed morning-types. Moreover, employed individuals with evening chronotype had a higher cortisol concentration at 14:00 h than non-employed individuals. In addition, memory score was lower in individuals with morning chronotype, however processing speed was higher in individuals with morning chronotype compared to evening. Morning-types had a higher age when they finished full time education. Relative to evening-types, those with morning chronotype were 6.5% more likely to be in a job classed as professional or intermediate. Our findings suggest that evening-types are at a disadvantage with regards to occupational, educational and health outcomes in older adults due to their vulnerability to circadian and sleep disruption.