Amplitude Sensing below the Zero-Point Fluctuations with a Two-Dimensional Trapped-Ion Mechanical Oscillator
Amplitude Sensing below the Zero-Point Fluctuations with a Two-Dimensional Trapped-Ion Mechanical Oscillator
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DOI：
10.1103/physrevlett.118.263602
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发表时间：
2017-06-29
影响因子：
8.6
通讯作者：
Bollinger, J. J.
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Gilmore, K. A.;Bohnet, J. G.;Bollinger, J. J.
我们提出了一种测量类似于100个离子的二维离子晶体的质心（cm）运动振幅的技术。通过测量远离cm共振频率的运动，实验确定了该技术的测量不精度。我们可以分辨小到50 pm的振幅，比cm模式零点波动小40倍。该技术利用自旋依赖的光学偶极子力将机械振荡与捕获离子的电子自旋耦合起来，从而通过读出自旋状态来测量cm运动的一个正交。我们证明了由自旋投影噪声和自旋退相干引起的非共振光散射设定的灵敏度限制。当以cm模式频率进行共振时，这里展示的技术可以检测到极弱的力（< 1 yN）和电场（< 1 nV/m），为探测量子传感极限和寻找超越标准模型的物理提供了机会。
We present a technique to measure the amplitude of a center-of-mass (c.m.) motion of a two-dimensional ion crystal of similar to 100 ions. By sensing motion at frequencies far from the c.m. resonance frequency, we experimentally determine the technique's measurement imprecision. We resolve amplitudes as small as 50 pm, 40 times smaller than the c.m. mode zero-point fluctuations. The technique employs a spin-dependent, optical-dipole force to couple the mechanical oscillation to the electron spins of the trapped ions, enabling a measurement of one quadrature of the c.m. motion through a readout of the spin state. We demonstrate sensitivity limits set by spin projection noise and spin decoherence due to off-resonant light scattering. When performed on resonance with the c.m. mode frequency, the technique demonstrated here can enable the detection of extremely weak forces (< 1 yN) and electric fields (< 1 nV/m), providing an opportunity to probe quantum sensing limits and search for physics beyond the standard model.