Short-range allelochemicals from a plant-herbivore association: a singular case of oviposition-induced synomone for an egg parasitoid
Short-range allelochemicals from a plant-herbivore association: a singular case of oviposition-induced synomone for an egg parasitoid
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DOI：
10.1242/jeb.045922
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发表时间：
2010-11-01
影响因子：
2.8
通讯作者：
Bin, F.
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Conti, E.;Salerno, G.;Bin, F.
产卵诱导的植物共义素是卵寄生蜂在宿主选择过程中使用的信息化学线索，因此被认为是植物防御的重要元素。在本文中，我们表明，在Brassica oleracea-Murgantia histrionica-Trissolcus brochymenae三营养系统中，后者在封闭场所和静态嗅觉计中对诱导化学物质做出反应，这些化学物质在很短的范围内以及在与处理表面相对的叶表面接触后被感知。观察到由于 (1) 卵沉积、(2) 进食穿刺和 (3) M. histrionica 的化学足迹而产生的累加或协同效应。当所有三个阶段都存在时，拟寄生物在处理的叶区域、距处理区域较近的距离处以及在处理区域上方的叶子上对诱导的协同激素进行局部反应，这表明还存在系统效应。当对具有寄主足迹的植物与取食穿刺或产卵相结合进行测试时，在局部和近距离处都获得了响应，而在其余的测定中仅观察到局部响应。诱导时间小于 24 小时，而信号持续时间显然与宿主卵的适宜性有关，因为寄生蜂对携带老卵或孵化卵的植物没有反应。这些产卵诱导的短程植物共生激素可能在寄生蜂登陆植物后的寄主定位过程中发挥重要作用，与本文研究的系统中涉及的寄主利好素以不同的组合。
Oviposition-induced plant synomones are semiochemical cues used by egg parasitoids during host selection, and are therefore considered important elements of plant defence. In this paper we show that, in the tritrophic system Brassica oleracea-Murgantia histrionica-Trissolcus brochymenae, the latter responded in a closed arena and in a static olfactometer to induced chemicals that are perceived from a very short range and after parasitoid contact with the leaf surface opposite the treated surface. An additive or synergistic effect due to (1) egg deposition, (2) feeding punctures and (3) chemical footprints of M. histrionica was observed. When all three phases were present, the parasitoid reacted to the induced synomone locally on the treated leaf area, at a close distance to the treated area, and on the leaf above the treated one, showing that there is also a systemic effect. When plants with host footprints combined with feeding punctures or with oviposition were tested, responses were obtained both locally and at a close distance, whereas in the remaining assays only local responses were observed. Induction time was less than 24 h, whereas signal duration was apparently related to the suitability of the host eggs, as parasitoids did not respond to plants carrying old or hatched eggs. These oviposition-induced short-range plant synomones might have an important role in the host location process after parasitoid landing on the plant, in different combinations with the host kairomones involved in the system studied here.