Abductive Reasoning: Logic, Visual Thinking, and Coherence
Abductive Reasoning: Logic, Visual Thinking, and Coherence
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归纳推理：逻辑、视觉思维和连贯性
DOI：
10.1007/978-94-017-0487-8_22
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发表时间：
1997
期刊：
影响因子：
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通讯作者：
C. Shelley
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Paul Thagard;C. Shelley
本文讨论了溯因推理，即形成和评价解释性假设的推理。首先，它批评了两个最近的形式逻辑模型的绑架。适当的形式化必须考虑溯因推理的以下方面：解释不是演绎;假设是分层的;溯因推理有时是创造性的;假设可能是革命性的;完整性是难以捉摸的;简单性是复杂的;溯因推理可能是视觉的和非抽象的。其次，为了说明假设形成的视觉方面，本文介绍了最近的工作在考古学中的视觉推理。第三，在解释性假设的评估方面，本文介绍了最近的结果计算的连贯性。
This paper discusses abductive reasoning—that is, reasoning in which explanatory hypotheses are formed and evaluated. First, it criticizes two recent formal logical models of abduction. An adequate formalization would have to take into account the following aspects of abduction: explanation is not deduction; hypotheses are layered; abduction is sometimes creative; hypotheses may be revolutionary; completeness is elusive; simplicity is complex; and abductive reasoning may be visual and non-sentential. Second, in order to illustrate visual aspects of hypothesis formation, the paper describes recent work on visual inference in archaeology. Third, in connection with the evaluation of explanatory hypotheses, the paper describes recent results on the computation of coherence.