Next-generation probes, particles, and proteins for neural interfacing.
Next-generation probes, particles, and proteins for neural interfacing.
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DOI：
10.1126/sciadv.1601649
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发表时间：
2017-06
期刊：
影响因子：
13.6
通讯作者：
Malliaras GG
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Rivnay J;Wang H;Fenno L;Deisseroth K;Malliaras GG
多模式和多学科方法催生了读取和调节神经功能的下一代技术。与神经系统的双向接口使得神经科学研究、诊断和治疗成为可能。这种双向通信使我们能够监测大脑及其复合网络和细胞的状态，并影响它们治疗疾病或修复/恢复感觉或运动功能。为了提供最稳定和有效的接口，行业工具必须将神经组织的柔软、富含离子和不断发展的性质与微电子和医疗仪器的基本上刚性的、静态的领域联系起来，以允许读出、分析和/或控制。在这篇综述中，我们描述了对神经信号传导和材料-组织相互作用的理解如何推动了可用工具集的扩展。新的探针结构和材料、纳米颗粒、染料和设计基因编码的蛋白质突破了记录和刺激寿命、定位和特异性的极限，模糊了活体组织和工程工具之间的界限。了解这些方法、其模式以及跨学科发展的作用将支持新的神经疗法和假肢，并为神经科学家和神经学家提供前所未有的大脑研究途径。
Multimodal and multidisciplinary approaches lead to next-generation technologies for reading and modulating neural function. Bidirectional interfacing with the nervous system enables neuroscience research, diagnosis, and therapy. This two-way communication allows us to monitor the state of the brain and its composite networks and cells as well as to influence them to treat disease or repair/restore sensory or motor function. To provide the most stable and effective interface, the tools of the trade must bridge the soft, ion-rich, and evolving nature of neural tissue with the largely rigid, static realm of microelectronics and medical instruments that allow for readout, analysis, and/or control. In this Review, we describe how the understanding of neural signaling and material-tissue interactions has fueled the expansion of the available tool set. New probe architectures and materials, nanoparticles, dyes, and designer genetically encoded proteins push the limits of recording and stimulation lifetime, localization, and specificity, blurring the boundary between living tissue and engineered tools. Understanding these approaches, their modality, and the role of cross-disciplinary development will support new neurotherapies and prostheses and provide neuroscientists and neurologists with unprecedented access to the brain.