Holding All the CARDs: How MALT1 Controls CARMA/CARD-Dependent Signaling.

Holding All the CARDs: How MALT1 Controls CARMA/CARD-Dependent Signaling.
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DOI:
10.3389/fimmu.2018.01927
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发表时间:
2018
影响因子:
7.3
通讯作者:
Thome M
Thome M
中科院分区:
医学2区
文献类型:
--
作者:
Juilland M;Thome M

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支架蛋白CARMA1-3(由CARD11、-14和-10基因编码)和CARD9在具有免疫受体酪氨酸激活基序(ITAMs)、g蛋白偶联受体(GPCR)和受体酪氨酸激酶(RTK)的受体下游信号传导中发挥重要作用。这些受体通过PKC家族的激酶触发低聚CARMA/CARD-BCL10-MALT1 (CBM)复合物的形成。CBM反过来通过激活NF-κB和AP-1转录因子调控基因表达,并控制转录稳定性。副aspase MALT1是唯一具有酶(蛋白水解)活性的CBM成分,因此最近作为潜在的药物靶点受到关注。在此,我们回顾了近年来对蛋白酶MALT1分子功能的理解,并总结了MALT1支架和蛋白酶功能如何促进CBM信号的传递。最后,我们将强调MALT1功能失调如何导致免疫缺陷、自身免疫、牛皮癣和癌症等病理。
The scaffold proteins CARMA1-3 (encoded by the genes CARD11, -14 and -10) and CARD9 play major roles in signaling downstream of receptors with immunoreceptor tyrosine activation motifs (ITAMs), G-protein coupled receptors (GPCR) and receptor tyrosine kinases (RTK). These receptors trigger the formation of oligomeric CARMA/CARD-BCL10-MALT1 (CBM) complexes via kinases of the PKC family. The CBM in turn regulates gene expression by the activation of NF-κB and AP-1 transcription factors and controls transcript stability. The paracaspase MALT1 is the only CBM component having an enzymatic (proteolytic) activity and has therefore recently gained attention as a potential drug target. Here we review recent advances in the understanding of the molecular function of the protease MALT1 and summarize how MALT1 scaffold and protease function contribute to the transmission of CBM signals. Finally, we will highlight how dysregulation of MALT1 function can cause pathologies such as immunodeficiency, autoimmunity, psoriasis, and cancer.
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