Microbial turnover times in the deep seabed studied by amino acid racemization modelling.
Microbial turnover times in the deep seabed studied by amino acid racemization modelling.
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DOI：
10.1038/s41598-017-05972-z
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发表时间：
2017-07-18
影响因子：
4.6
通讯作者：
Lomstein BA
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Braun S;Mhatre SS;Jaussi M;Røy H;Kjeldsen KU;Pearce C;Seidenkrantz MS;Jørgensen BB;Lomstein BA
对深层、能量有限的海洋沉积物中活跃微生物种群的研究扩展了我们对地球上生命极限的认识。通常，深层生物圈中的微生物活动是通过孔隙水溶质的运输反应模型或使用放射性示踪剂的实验测量来计算的。在这里，我们从沉积物中微生物坏死团（死亡微生物生物量的遗骸）的D: l -天冬氨酸消旋化程度模拟了微生物活动，其历史可达1000万年。这种最近开发的方法（D: l -氨基酸建模）不需要孵育实验，并且在稳定、低活性的环境中高度敏感。我们首次对D: l-氨基酸模型的几个重要输入参数施加了新建立的约束，例如较高的天冬氨酸消旋速率常数和较低的海底微生物细胞特异性碳含量。我们的模型结果表明，微生物活动每几千年就会更新坏死块氨基酸池，而营养细胞的更新时间是几年到几十年。值得注意的是，来自秘鲁边缘的百万年沉积物中的微生物周转时间比以前的估计短了100倍，突出了微生物活动对地质时间尺度上元素循环的影响。
The study of active microbial populations in deep, energy-limited marine sediments has extended our knowledge of the limits of life on Earth. Typically, microbial activity in the deep biosphere is calculated by transport-reaction modelling of pore water solutes or from experimental measurements involving radiotracers. Here we modelled microbial activity from the degree of D:L-aspartic acid racemization in microbial necromass (remains of dead microbial biomass) in sediments up to ten million years old. This recently developed approach (D:L-amino acid modelling) does not require incubation experiments and is highly sensitive in stable, low-activity environments. We applied for the first time newly established constraints on several important input parameters of the D:L-amino acid model, such as a higher aspartic acid racemization rate constant and a lower cell-specific carbon content of sub-seafloor microorganisms. Our model results show that the pool of necromass amino acids is turned over by microbial activity every few thousand years, while the turnover times of vegetative cells are in the order of years to decades. Notably, microbial turnover times in million-year-old sediment from the Peru Margin are up to 100-fold shorter than previous estimates, highlighting the influence of microbial activities on element cycling over geologic time scales.
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DOI：
10.1073/pnas.0600035103
发表时间：
2006-03-07
影响因子：
11.1
作者：
Biddle, JF;Lipp, JS;Hinrichs, KU
通讯作者：
Hinrichs, KU
影响因子：
56.9
作者：
D'Hondt, S;Jorgensen, BB;Acosta, JLS
通讯作者：
Acosta, JLS
影响因子：
4.2
作者：
Brinton, KLF;Tsapin, AI;McDonald, GD
通讯作者：
McDonald, GD
影响因子：
4.4
作者：
Detmers, J;Br端chert, V;Kuever, J
通讯作者：
Kuever, J
影响因子：
3.3
作者：
Engelhardt, Tim;Orsi, William D.;Jorgensen, Bo Barker
通讯作者：
Jorgensen, Bo Barker