Physical and Formal Aspects of Computation: Exploiting Physics for Computation and Exploiting Computation for Physical Purposes
Physical and Formal Aspects of Computation: Exploiting Physics for Computation and Exploiting Computation for Physical Purposes
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DOI：
10.1007/978-3-319-33924-5_5
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发表时间：
2017
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影响因子：
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通讯作者：
B. MacLennan
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文献类型：
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作者：
B. MacLennan
在后摩尔定律时代实现更高的速度和密度将要求计算更像是实现它的物理过程。因此，我们探索计算的本质，即计算过程与其他物理过程的区别。我们认为这样的问题，信息处理的拓扑结构，可编程性和普遍性。我们总结了模拟计算、量子计算和场计算的一般特征，其中数据是空间连续的。计算通常用于信息处理，但由于计算控制物理过程，因此它也可以用作在微观尺度上移动物质和能量的方式。这提供了一种可编程物质和物理结构的编程组装的方法。我们讨论了人工形态发生，它使用胚胎发育的正式结构来协调大量代理的行为，以组装复杂的层次结构。我们解释说，这种密切的对应关系之间的计算和物理过程是体现计算的特点，其中计算直接利用计算的物理过程，或计算的物理后果是计算的目的。
Achieving greater speeds and densities in the post-Moore’s Law era will require computation to be more like the physical processes by which it is realized. Therefore we explore the essence of computation, that is, what distinguishes computational processes from other physical processes. We consider such issues as the topology of information processing, programmability, and universality. We summarize general characteristics of analog computation, quantum computation, and field computation, in which data is spatially continuous. Computation is conventionally used for information processing, but since the computation governs physical processes, it can also be used as a way of moving matter and energy on a microscopic scale. This provides an approach to programmable matter and programmed assembly of physical structures. We discussartificial morphogenesis, which uses the formal structure of embryological development to coordinate the behavior of a large number of agents to assemble complex hierarchical structures. We explain that this close correspondence between computational and physical processes is characteristic ofembodied computation, in which computation directly exploits physical processes for computation, or for which the physical consequences of computation are the purpose of the computation.