Surveying students’ understanding of quantum mechanics in one spatial dimension
Surveying students’ understanding of quantum mechanics in one spatial dimension
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调查学生对某一空间维度的量子力学的理解
DOI：
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发表时间：
2012
期刊：
影响因子：
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通讯作者：
C. Singh
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Guangtian Zhu;C. Singh
我们探讨了高级本科生和研究生在一维空间中使用单粒子的非相对论量子力学所遇到的困难。为了调查这些困难，我们开发了一个概念性调查，并对10个机构的200多名学生进行了调查。调查中的目标问题包括可能的波函数集、束缚态和散射态、量子测量、期望值、哈密顿量的作用，以及波函数和期望值的时间依赖性。我们发现，本科生和研究生在这些概念上有许多共同的困难，基于研究的教程和同行指导工具可以显著减少这些困难。研究结果还表明，量子力学研究生课程可能不能有效地帮助学生更好地理解这些主题，部分原因是此类课程主要侧重于定量评估。
We explore the difficulties that advanced undergraduate and graduate students have with non-relativistic quantum mechanics of a single particle in one spatial dimension. To investigate these difficulties we developed a conceptual survey and administered it to more than 200 students at 10 institutions. The issues targeted in the survey include the set of possible wavefunctions, bound and scattering states, quantum measurement, expectation values, the role of the Hamiltonian, and the time-dependence of the wavefunction and expectation values. We find that undergraduate and graduate students have many common difficulties with these concepts and that research-based tutorials and peer-instruction tools can significantly reduce these difficulties. The findings also suggest that graduate quantum mechanics courses may not be effective at helping students to develop a better conceptual understanding of these topics, partly because such courses mainly focus on quantitative assessments.