TOPOGRAPHY OF SIGNAL-CENTERED BEHAVIOR IN THE RAT - EFFECTS OF DEPRIVATION STATE AND REINFORCER TYPE
TOPOGRAPHY OF SIGNAL-CENTERED BEHAVIOR IN THE RAT - EFFECTS OF DEPRIVATION STATE AND REINFORCER TYPE
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DOI：
10.1901/jeab.1982.38-291
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发表时间：
1982-01-01
影响因子：
2.7
通讯作者：
CLELAND, GG
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
DAVEY, GCL;CLELAND, GG
在一系列的3个实验中，食物剥夺和水剥夺大鼠组给予配对的可伸缩杠杆（CS[条件刺激]）与反应无关的固体或液体的释放。在实验1中，给予固体颗粒混合物的食物剥夺大鼠比不与食物配对的杠杆（CS-）更经常地嗅、爪、嘴和咬CS+杠杆，而给予液体混合物的食物剥夺大鼠倾向于不同地嗅、爪和舔CS+杠杆。水剥夺（23.5小时）大鼠给予液体消毒剂表现出非常少的CS+接触。在实验2中，从23.5-47.5小时增加水剥夺的严重程度显着增加CS+接触。在实验3中，同时被剥夺食物和水，并给予饮水机的受试者未能表现出差异CS+接触，但同时被剥夺食物和水，并给予食物饮水机的受试者确实获得了差异CS+接触行为。即使在一个单一的动机状态下，信号为中心的行为的性质，可以确定由类型的强化，虽然水强化产生较少的信号接触比食物强化，这可以促进更严重的缺水水平，和高CS接触率使用食物强化不只是一个产品的体重减少与食物剥夺。
In a series of 3 experiments, groups of food-deprived and water-deprived rats were given pairings of a retractable lever (CS[conditioned stimulus]) with response-independent deliveries of either solid or liquid reinforcers. In experiment 1 food-deprived rats given a solid-pellet reinforcer differentially tended to sniff, paw, mouth and bite the CS+ lever more often than a lever that was not paired with food (CS-), while food-deprived rats given a liquid reinforcer tended to differentially sniff, paw and lick the CS+ lever. Water-deprived (23.5-h) rats given liquid reinforcers showed very little CS+ contact. In experiment 2 increasing the severity of water deprivation from 23.5-47.5 h significantly increased CS+ contact. In experiment 3, subjects that were simultaneously food- and water-deprived and given a water reinforcer failed to exhibit differential CS+ contact, but subjects that were simultaneously food and water deprived and given a food reinforcer did acquire differential CS+-contact behavior. Even under a single motivational state the nature of signal-centered behavior can be determined by type of reinforcer, although water reinforcement produces less signal contact than food reinforcement, this can be facilitated with more severe water-deprivation levels, and high CS-contact rates using food reinforcement are not simply a product of reductions in body weight with food deprivation.