Methane Emissions from a Beef Cattle Feedyard during Winter and Summer on the Southern High Plains of Texas.
Methane Emissions from a Beef Cattle Feedyard during Winter and Summer on the Southern High Plains of Texas.
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德克萨斯州南部高平原冬季和夏季肉牛饲养场的甲烷排放。
DOI：
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发表时间：
2014
影响因子：
2.4
通讯作者：
H. Waldrip
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
R. Todd;Miriam B Altman;N. A. Cole;H. Waldrip
家畜肠道发酵排放的甲烷约占美国温室气体排放量的2.1%，其中牛肉和奶牛是最重要的来源。更好地了解肉牛饲养场的甲烷排放有助于建立更准确的排放清单，改进预测模型，并满足潜在的监管要求。我们的目标是量化德克萨斯州南部高平原上一个典型肉牛饲养场冬季和夏季的CH排放量。使用开路激光和逆色散分析，量化了冬季32d和夏季44d的甲烷排放量。甲烷人均排放量冬季为71~118g动物d，夏季为70~130g动物d。平均CH PCER在1、2、5月份相似(平均85.0±0.95g动物d)，6-7月增加到93.4g动物d。这一增加与膳食纤维的增加是一致的。甲烷损失量在9.2~11.4g CH kg干物质摄入量之间，冬季甲烷损失量较低。总能量摄入量为135.2~164.5 MJ动物d，总能量损失为4.5MJ~4.9MJ动物d，总能量损失比例冬季平均为2.8%，夏季为3.2%，总体为3.0%。这些值证实了政府间气候变化专门委员会目前为饲养场饲养的牛的肠道CH二级估计所建议的Y值。
Methane (CH) emissions from enteric fermentation by livestock account for about 2.1% of U.S. greenhouse gas emissions, with beef and dairy cattle being the most significant sources. A better understanding of CH emissions from beef cattle feedyards can help build more accurate emission inventories, improve predictive models, and meet potential regulatory requirements. Our objective was to quantify CH emissions during winter and summer at a typical beef cattle feedyard on the southern High Plains in Texas. Methane emissions were quantified over 32 d in winter and 44 d in summer using open-path lasers and inverse dispersion analysis. Methane per capita emission rate (PCER) ranged from 71 to 118 g animal d in winter and from 70 to 130 g animal d in summer. Mean CH PCER was similar in January, February, and May (average, 85.0 ± 0.95 g animal d) and increased to 93.4 g animal d during the June-July period. This increase coincided with increased dietary fiber. Methane loss ranged from 9.2 to 11.4 g CH kg dry matter intake, with lower values during winter. Gross energy intake (GEI) ranged from 135.2 to 164.5 MJ animal d, and CH energy loss ranged from 4.5 to 4.9 MJ animal d. Fraction of GEI lost as CH (Y) averaged 2.8% in winter, 3.2% in summer, and 3.0% overall. These values confirm the Y value currently recommended by the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change for Tier 2 estimates of enteric CH from feedlot fed cattle.