Effects of elevated ultraviolet-B radiation on a plant-herbivore interaction
Effects of elevated ultraviolet-B radiation on a plant-herbivore interaction
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DOI：
10.1007/s00442-010-1658-5
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发表时间：
2010-09-01
期刊：
影响因子：
2.7
通讯作者：
Ruuhola, Teija
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Anttila, Ulla;Julkunen-Tiitto, Riitta;Ruuhola, Teija
增强型紫外线 B (UV-B) 辐射可能对植物和动物产生多重影响，并通过诱导宿主植物质量的变化，直接或间接影响植物与草食动物的相互作用。在这项研究中，我们研究了 UV-B 和食草动物对山桦 (Betula pubescens ssp. czerepanovii) 防御的综合影响，以及增强的 UV-B 辐射对具有爆发周期的尺蛾 (EpirritaAutumnata) 的影响。我们建立了一个模拟 30% 臭氧消耗的实验（模拟拉普兰北部上空臭氧消耗的相关水平）。这两种北极物种对增强的 UV-B 辐射水平仅有轻微反应，这可能表明这些物种已经适应了更广泛的 UV-B 辐射。 UV-B照射轻微诱导了杨梅素苷的积累，但对槲皮素或山奈酚衍生物的含量没有显着影响。山桦幼苗对食草伤害的反应比对增强的 UV-B 暴露的反应更有效。草食性诱导叶氧化酶的活性，此前已证明这种酶会损害蛾幼虫的摄食和生长。相比之下，除了单宁前体含量下降外，叶面酚类物质的含量在不同无性系中没有表现出相同的反应。叶面酚氧化酶活性的诱导是山桦树针对食草昆虫的特异性防御反应。总而言之，我们的结果并不支持秋蛾爆发周期可以用太阳活动和 UV-B 周期来解释的假设。
Enhanced ultraviolet-B (UV-B) radiation may have multiple effects on both plants and animals and affect plant-herbivore interactions directly and indirectly by inducing changes in host plant quality. In this study, we examined combined effects of UV-B and herbivory on the defence of the mountain birch (Betula pubescens ssp. czerepanovii) and also the effects of enhanced UV-B radiation on a geometrid with an outbreak cycle: the autumnal moth (Epirrita autumnata). We established an experiment mimicking ozone depletion of 30% (a relevant level when simulating ozone depletion above Northern Lapland). Both arctic species responded only slightly to the enhanced level of UV-B radiation, which may indicate that these species are already adapted to a broader range of UV-B radiation. UV-B exposure slightly induced the accumulation of myricetin glycosides but had no significant effect on the contents of quercetin or kaempferol derivatives. Mountain birch seedlings responded more efficiently to herbivory wounding than to enhanced UV-B exposure. Herbivory induced the activities of foliar oxidases that had earlier been shown to impair both feeding and growth of moth larvae. In contrast, the contents of foliar phenolics did not show the same response in different clones, except for a decrease in the contents of tannin precursors. The induction of foliar phenoloxidase activities is a specific defence response of mountain birches against insect herbivory. To conclude, our results do not support the hypothesis that the outbreak cycle of the autumnal moth can be explained by the cycles of solar activity and UV-B.