Vulnerability of Australian tropical savanna birds to climate change
Vulnerability of Australian tropical savanna birds to climate change
复制标题
澳大利亚热带稀树草原鸟类对气候变化的脆弱性
DOI：
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发表时间：
2016
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影响因子：
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通讯作者：
A. Kutt
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
April E. Reside;J. VanDerWal;S. Garnett;A. Kutt
对物种对气候变化脆弱性的评估应提高针对当前生物多样性下降的干预措施的有效性。物种对气候变化的脆弱性是其敏感性和适应能力及其对气候变化的暴露程度的结果。我们对居住在澳大利亚北部热带稀树草原的 243 种鸟类应用了脆弱性评估框架。我们以之前的脆弱性研究为基础，纳入了与物种对变化的敏感性（相对丰度、巢大小、对火灾的敏感性和分布区域）、物种适应能力（运动行为和饮食广度）以及预测其地理范围的比例变化（即暴露于气候变化）相关的变量的详细数据。这些被整合起来以提供漏洞排名。我们的分析发现，澳大利亚热带稀树草原的鸟类聚集在一起具有很高的敏感性，而少数广泛增加的物种则具有非常低的敏感性。澳大利亚热带稀树草原鸟类具有一系列适应能力，预计气候变化对这些物种的影响将是巨大的。两种已经濒临灭绝的物种是最脆弱的物种之一。主要局限于约克角半岛（地理上不同的地区）的物种总体上脆弱性最大；一般来说，这些物种由于分布范围小、对火灾频率敏感且扩散能力较低，因此非常敏感。对于澳大利亚热带稀树草原鸟类的未来来说，减轻生态威胁并维持大面积的适宜栖息地以促进物种扩散非常重要。
Assessments of species vulnerability to climate change should increase the effectiveness of interventions in the current decline in biodiversity. Species vulnerability to climate change is a consequence of their sensitivity and adaptive capacity, in combination with their exposure to climate change. We apply a vulnerability assessment framework to 243 bird species inhabiting the tropical savannas of northern Australia. We build on previous vulnerability studies by including detailed data for variables relating to species sensitivity to change (relative abundance, clutch size, sensitivity to fire and distribution area), species adaptive capacity (movement behaviour and dietary breadth) and proportional changes predicted for their geographic range (i.e. exposure to climate change). These are integrated to provide a ranking of vulnerability. Our analysis found that birds of Australian tropical savannas cluster together with high sensitivity, with a few wide-ranging increasing species with very low sensitivity. Australian tropical savanna birds have a range of adaptive capacities, and the impact of climate change on these species is predicted to be substantial. Two already endangered species are among the most vulnerable. Species largely restricted to Cape York Peninsula (a geographically distinct region) had the greatest overall vulnerability; these species were, in general, sensitive due to small distributions, sensitivity to fire frequency and had a lower capacity for dispersal. It will be important for the future of Australian tropical savanna birds to mitigate ecological threats and maintain extensive areas of suitable habitat to facilitate species dispersal.