Transformation of Chloroform in Model Treatment Wetlands: From Mass Balance to Microbial Analysis
Transformation of Chloroform in Model Treatment Wetlands: From Mass Balance to Microbial Analysis
复制标题
模型处理湿地中氯仿的转化：从质量平衡到微生物分析
DOI：
10.1021/es506357e
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发表时间：
2015-05-19
影响因子：
11.4
通讯作者：
Kuschk, Peter
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Chen, Yi;Wen, Yue;Kuschk, Peter
三氯甲烷是常见的消毒副产物之一，不易降解，对人体健康造成极大的危害。在这项研究中，在六个模型人工湿地（CWs）中评估了三氯甲烷的去除效率以及吸附、微生物降解、植物吸收和挥发的贡献：最高的氯仿去除效率达到凋落物添加的CW（99%），其次是种植（46-54%）和未种植的CW（89%）。质量平衡研究表明，添加凋落物的CWs对氯仿的去除主要是吸附（73.5-81.2%）和微生物降解（17.6-26.2%），而种植CWs对氯仿的去除主要是吸附（53.6-66.1%）和植物吸收（25.3 -36.2%）。植物吸收氯仿后，约60%的氯仿在根系中积累，蒸腾和气相运输可能是植物吸收氯仿的驱动因素。硫酸盐还原菌、细菌和产甲烷菌是氯仿共代谢脱氯的关键微生物，其功能基因（dsrA、mcrA）与降解速率呈正相关。总体而言，本研究表明，湿地是一个有效的生态系统，可持续去除氯仿，植物和凋落物可以提高去除性能，通过根系吸收和微生物降解刺激，分别。
Chloroform is one of the common disinfection byproducts, which is not susceptible to degradation and poses great health concern: In this study; the chloroform removal efficiencies and contributions of sorption, microbial degradation, plant uptake, and volatilization were evaluated in six model constructed wetlands (CWs): The highest chloroform removal efficiency was achieved in litter-added CWs (99%), followed by planted (46-54%): and unplanted CWs (89%). Mass balance study revealed that sorption (73.5-81.2%) and microbial degradation (17.6-26.2%) were the main chloroform removal processes in litter-added CWs, and that sorption (53.6-66.1%) and plant uptake (25,3-36.2%) were the primary contributors to chloroform removal in planted CWs. Around 60% of chloroform got: accumulated in the roots after plant uptake, and both transpiration and gas-phase transport were expected to be the drivers for the plant uptake. Sulfate-reducing, bacteria and methanogens were found to be the key microorganisms for chloroform biodegradation through cometabolic dechlorination, and positive correlations were observed between functional genes (dsrA, mcrA) and biodegradation rates. Overall, this study suggests that wetland is an efficient ecosystem for sustainable chloroform removal, and that plant and litter can enhance the removal performance through root uptake and microbial degradation stimulation, respectively.