Postmortem succession of gut microbial communities in deceased human subjects.
Postmortem succession of gut microbial communities in deceased human subjects.
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作者：
DeBruyn JM;Hauther KA
人类微生物组已证明对健康和功能的重要性。然而，死亡后微生物组的命运却鲜为人知。除了更好地了解微生物介导的分解过程，死后人类相关微生物群落的演替已被建议作为一种可能的法医工具，用于估计死亡后的时间，或死后间隔（PMI）。我们的研究目的是记录死后人类肠道细菌群落的变化。在自然环境条件下腐烂的尸体盲肠中反复取样肠道微生物菌群。16S rRNA基因扩增子测序显示，随着时间的推移，细菌丰富度显著增加（rs = 0.449），而多样性下降（rs =-0.701）。随着时间的推移，肠道细菌群落的组成以类似的方式朝着共同的腐烂群落变化。属于拟杆菌目（拟杆菌属、副拟杆菌属）的OTU显著下降，而梭菌目（梭菌属、厌氧球菌属）和蝇相关的γ-变形菌属Ignatzschineria和Wohlfahrtiimonas增加。我们的研究人类盲肠微生物群落在分解尸体增加了越来越多的文献对死后微生物群落，这将最终有助于更好地了解分解过程。
The human microbiome has demonstrated an importance for the health and functioning in living individuals. However, the fate of the microbiome after death is less understood. In addition to a better understanding of microbe-mediated decomposition processes, postmortem succession of human-associated microbial communities has been suggested as a possible forensic tool for estimating time since death, or postmortem interval (PMI). The objective of our study was to document postmortem changes in human gut bacterial communities. Gut microflora were repeatedly sampled from the caeca of cadavers as they decayed under natural environmental conditions. 16S rRNA gene amplicon sequencing revealed that over time, bacterial richness significantly increased (rs = 0.449) while diversity decreased (rs = − 0.701). The composition of gut bacterial communities changed in a similar manner over time towards a common decay community. OTUs belonging to Bacteroidales (Bacteroides, Parabacteroides) significantly declined while Clostridiales (Clostridium, Anaerosphaera) and the fly-associated Gammaproteobacteria Ignatzschineria and Wohlfahrtiimonas increased. Our examination of human caeca microflora in decomposing cadavers adds to the growing literature on postmortem microbial communities, which will ultimately contribute to a better understanding of decomposition processes.