Rapid evolutionary loss of metal resistance revealed by hatching decades‐old eggs
Rapid evolutionary loss of metal resistance revealed by hatching decades‐old eggs
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孵化数十年的鸡蛋揭示了金属抵抗力的快速进化丧失
DOI：
10.1111/evo.12859
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发表时间：
2016
期刊：
影响因子：
3.3
通讯作者：
P. Spaak
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Turko P.W;L. Sigg;J. Hollender;P. Spaak
我们研究了一种生态上重要的淡水甲壳动物--水蚤对快速变化的毒素环境的进化反应。从20世纪20年代到60年代，含铅汽油的使用导致水体中铅的浓度增加了至少五倍，想必对生物施加了快速的选择性抗药性压力。我们预测，与污染程度较低的时候相比，在污染严重的时期孵化出来的瑞香会表现出更大的抵抗力。这个问题是用复活生态学的方法直接解决的，用来孵化和比较来自焦点时间段的休眠繁殖。我们从两个瑞士湖泊中分别孵化出几种不同类型的幼体，分别在高铅胁迫(20世纪60年代/80年代)和低铅胁迫(21世纪头10年)的时期，并比较它们在不同实验室压力水平下的生活史。当暴露在铅环境中时，现代水蚤的适合度显著降低，以种群增长率(λ)衡量，而那些从高铅污染时期孵化出来的基因型没有表现出这种降低。这些表型差异与中性基因座上仅测量到的微小差异形成对比。我们推断，这些湖泊中的达芙尼能够迅速适应不断增加的铅浓度，当应激源被移除时，同样迅速地失去了这种适应。
We investigated the evolutionary response of an ecologically important freshwater crustacean,Daphnia, to a rapidly changing toxin environment. From the 1920s until the 1960s, the use of leaded gasoline caused the aquatic concentration of Pb to increase at least fivefold, presumably exerting rapid selective pressure on organisms for resistance. We predicted thatDaphniafrom this time of intense pollution would display greater resistance than those hatched from times of lower pollution. This question was addressed directly using the resurrection ecology approach, whereby dormant propagules from focal time periods were hatched and compared. We hatched severalDaphniagenotypes from each of two Swiss lakes, during times of higher (1960s /1980s) and lower (2000s) lead stress, and compared their life histories under different laboratory levels of this stressor. ModernDaphniahad significantly reduced fitness, measured as the population growth rate (λ), when exposed to lead, whereas those genotypes hatched from times of high lead pollution did not display this reduction. These phenotypic differences contrast with only slight differences measured at neutral loci. We infer thatDaphniain these lakes were able to rapidly adapt to increasing lead concentrations, and just as rapidly lost this adaptation when the stressor was removed.
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影响因子：
3.3
作者：
J. K. Pritchard;Matthew Stephens;Peter Donnelly
通讯作者：
J. K. Pritchard;Matthew Stephens;Peter Donnelly
DOI：
10.1007/bf02551945
发表时间：
1985
期刊：
Swiss journal of hydrology
影响因子：
--
作者：
H. Ambühl
通讯作者：
H. Ambühl
影响因子：
5.8
作者：
Aaron M. Christ
通讯作者：
Aaron M. Christ
影响因子：
12.8
作者：
ARAMBASIC, MB;BJELIC, S;SUBAKOV, G
通讯作者：
SUBAKOV, G
影响因子：
3.8
作者：
ANTONOVICS, J;BRADSHAW, AD
通讯作者：
BRADSHAW, AD