Mainstream partial nitritation and anammox: long-term process stability and effluent quality at low temperatures.
Mainstream partial nitritation and anammox: long-term process stability and effluent quality at low temperatures.
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主流部分硝酸和Anammox：长期过程稳定性和低温下的废水质量。
DOI：
10.1016/j.watres.2016.05.005
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发表时间：
2016-09-15
期刊：
影响因子：
12.8
通讯作者：
Joss A
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Laureni M;Falås P;Robin O;Wick A;Weissbrodt DG;Nielsen JL;Ternes TA;Morgenroth E;Joss A
实施自养厌氧氨氧化工艺去除城市污水中的氮（称为“主流厌氧氨氧化”）有可能使污水处理厂接近能源自给。本研究的目的是评估在低温下运行的部分硝化/厌氧氨氧化（PN/A）工艺的长期稳定性，以及它们在满足典型排放限制范围内氮浓度低于2和10 mgntt·L−1的可靠性。两个主要的12l序批式反应器并联运行，对好氧预处理的城市污水（21±5 mgCODtot·L−1和69±19 mgCODtot·L−1）进行PN/A处理超过一年，包括在15°C下超过5个月。两个系统由移动床生物膜反应器（MBBR）和絮凝生物质混合MBBR （H-MBBR）组成。在极限氧浓度（0.15-0.18）下操作，可以在15°C下稳定抑制亚硝酸盐氧化细菌的活性，在MBBR中消耗的硝酸盐比铵的产量低至16%。在水力停留时间为14 h时，氨氮和总氮的去除率分别稳定在90%和70%以上，氮的去除率为20-40 mgN·L−1·d−1。两个反应器出水总氮的平均浓度均低于10 mgN·L−1，MBBR出水总氮浓度甚至降至6 mgN·L−1，铵浓度为2 mgN·L−1（设置为停止曝气的运行阈值）。此外，两种PN/A系统在生物去除有机微污染物方面的表现几乎相同，重要的是，其程度与常规处理相似。当温度骤降至11℃时，厌氧氨氧化活性明显受到抑制，但当温度回升至15℃时，这种抑制作用迅速恢复。16S rRNA基因靶向扩增子测序分析显示，两种系统的厌氧氨氧化菌群落均由Candidatus Brocadia属组成。在去除率和整体出水质量方面，PN/A系统具有与传统生物营养物去除处理相竞争的潜力。15°C好氧预处理城市污水的稳定部分硝化/厌氧氨氧化。出水氨和总氮浓度符合目前的排放限值。在低溶解氧浓度（0.15-0.18 mgO2/L）下成功抑制NOB活性。微污染物去除与常规生物处理相当。在11°C下长时间操作时可逆但显著的厌氧氨氧化活性抑制。
The implementation of autotrophic anaerobic ammonium oxidation processes for the removal of nitrogen from municipal wastewater (known as “mainstream anammox”) bears the potential to bring wastewater treatment plants close to energy autarky. The aim of the present work was to assess the long-term stability of partial nitritation/anammox (PN/A) processes operating at low temperatures and their reliability in meeting nitrogen concentrations in the range of typical discharge limits below 2 and 10 mgNtot·L−1. Two main 12-L sequencing batch reactors were operated in parallel for PN/A on aerobically pre-treated municipal wastewater (21 ± 5 and residual 69 ± 19 mgCODtot·L−1) for more than one year, including over 5 months at 15 °C. The two systems consisted of a moving bed biofilm reactor (MBBR) and a hybrid MBBR (H-MBBR) with flocculent biomass. Operation at limiting oxygen concentrations (0.15–0.18 ) allowed stable suppression of the activity of nitrite-oxidizing bacteria at 15 °C with a production of nitrate over ammonium consumed as low as 16% in the MBBR. Promising nitrogen removal rates of 20–40 mgN·L−1·d−1 were maintained at hydraulic retention times of 14 h. Stable ammonium and total nitrogen removal efficiencies over 90% and 70% respectively were achieved. Both reactors reached average concentrations of total nitrogen below 10 mgN·L−1 in their effluents, even down to 6 mgN·L−1 for the MBBR, with an ammonium concentration of 2 mgN·L−1 (set as operational threshold to stop aeration). Furthermore, the two PN/A systems performed almost identically with respect to the biological removal of organic micropollutants and, importantly, to a similar extent as conventional treatments. A sudden temperature drop to 11 °C resulted in significant suppression of anammox activity, although this was rapidly recovered after the temperature was increased back to 15 °C. Analyses of 16S rRNA gene-targeted amplicon sequencing revealed that the anammox guild of the bacterial communities of the two systems was composed of the genus “Candidatus Brocadia”. The potential of PN/A systems to compete with conventional treatments for biological nutrients removal both in terms of removal rates and overall effluent quality was proven. Stable partial nitritation/anammox of aerobically pre-treated municipal wastewater at 15 °C. Effluent ammonia and total nitrogen concentrations meet current discharge limits. Successful NOB activity suppression at low dissolved oxygen concentrations (0.15–0.18 mgO2/L). Micropollutants removal comparable to conventional biological treatments. Reversible but dramatic anammox activity suppression during prolonged operation at 11 °C.