Dissociating Modality-Specific and Supramodal Neural Systems for Action Understanding
Dissociating Modality-Specific and Supramodal Neural Systems for Action Understanding
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DOI：
10.1523/jneurosci.5715-11.2012
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发表时间：
2012-03-07
影响因子：
5.3
通讯作者：
Lieberman, Matthew D.
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Spunt, Robert P.;Lieberman, Matthew D.
人类动作理解的神经基础仍然存在争议，一些研究暗示假定的镜像神经元系统（MNS）和一些用于推断心理状态的心智化系统（MZS）。这一争议的基础可能是，动作理解是一个异质的结构：动作可以从有关身体运动的感官信息或有关动作的语言来理解，并且目标是理解动作的实施（“如何”）或动机（“为什么”）。尽管现有的研究表明 MNS 有助于理解实施，MZS 有助于理解动机，但这些系统在多大程度上促进了行动理解中的特定模态或超模态功能仍然未知。在接受功能磁共振成像时，21 名志愿者考虑了视频或文本中呈现的行动的实施方式（“她是怎么做的？”）和动机（“她为什么这样做？”）。 MNS 的双侧顶叶和右额叶区域显示出与视频中感知动作的特定模态关联，而左半球 MNS 显示出与理解执行的超模态关联。大部分左半球 MZS 显示出与理解动机的超模态关联；然而，在动机推断过程中，MZS 和 MNS 之间的连通性是特定于模态的，与文本相比，当从视频中的动作中理解动机时，MZS 和 MNS 之间的连通性明显更强。这些结果支持 MNS 和 MZS 对动作理解贡献的三方模型，其中 MNS 的不同区域有助于动作感知（“感知什么”）和动作实施的表示（“知道如何”），而 MZS 支持解释动作表现的抽象的、与模态无关的心理状态表示（“知道为什么”）。
The neural basis of action understanding in humans remains disputed, with some research implicating the putative mirror neuron system (MNS) and some a mentalizing system (MZS) for inferring mental states. The basis for this dispute may be that action understanding is a heterogeneous construct: actions can be understood from sensory information about body movements or from language about action, and with the goal of understanding the implementation ("how") or motive ("why") of an action. Although extant research implicates the MNS in understanding implementation and the MZS in understanding motive, it remains unknown to what extent these systems subserve modality-specific or supramodal functions in action understanding. While undergoing fMRI, 21 volunteers considered the implementation ("How is she doing it?") and motive ("Why is she doing it?") for actions presented in video or text. Bilateral parietal and right frontal areas of the MNS showed a modality-specific association with perceiving actions in videos, while left-hemisphere MNS showed a supramodal association with understanding implementation. Largely left-hemisphere MZS showed a supramodal association with understanding motive; however, connectivity among the MZS and MNS during the inference of motive was modality specific, being significantly stronger when motive was understood from actions in videos compared to text. These results support a tripartite model of MNS and MZS contributions to action understanding, where distinct areas of the MNS contribute to action perception ("perceiving what") and the representation of action implementation ("knowing how"), while the MZS supports an abstract, modality-independent representation of the mental states that explain action performance ("knowing why").