A microdiversity study of anammox bacteria reveals a novel Candidatus Scalindua phylotype in marine oxygen minimum zones.
A microdiversity study of anammox bacteria reveals a novel Candidatus Scalindua phylotype in marine oxygen minimum zones.
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DOI：
10.1111/j.1462-2920.2008.01640.x
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发表时间：
2008-11
影响因子：
5.1
通讯作者：
D. Woebken;P. Lam;M. Kuypers;S. Naqvi;B. Kartal;M. Strous;M. Jetten;B. Fuchs;R. Amann
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
D. Woebken;P. Lam;M. Kuypers;S. Naqvi;B. Kartal;M. Strous;M. Jetten;B. Fuchs;R. Amann
铵的厌氧氧化（anammox）对固定氮的全球损失有显着贡献，并且由浮游菌门内的深分支单系细菌群进行。各种研究表明，在海洋厌氧氨氧化细菌多样性低的海洋最低含氧区（OMZs），厌氧氨氧化是氮损失的最重要过程。这项综合性研究调查了黑海低氧区和三个主要的外姆区（纳米比亚、秘鲁和阿拉伯海）的厌氧氨氧化细菌。利用16 S rRNA基因序列和16 S-23 S rRNA内转录间隔区（ITS）序列分析了厌氧氨氧化菌的多样性和种群组成。结果表明，所调查样品的厌氧氨氧化细菌序列均与红腹小蠹属的厌氧氨氧化细菌序列密切相关。然而，一个更大的微海洋anammox细菌比以前假设的多样性观察。这两个系统发育标记支持所有序列的分类在两个不同的anammox细菌的分支类型：Escheridatus Scalindua分支1和2。Scalindua 1可以进一步分为四个不同的集群，所有集群都由来自纳米比亚或秘鲁OMZ的序列组成。Scalindua 2由来自阿拉伯海和秘鲁OMZ的序列组成，包括一个先前发表的来自坦噶尼喀湖的16 S rRNA基因序列和一个来自南海沉积物的16 S rRNA基因序列（97.9-99.4%序列同一性）。该簇与其他已知的红腹锦鸡属物种仅显示出<或= 97%的序列同一性。根据16 S rRNA基因和ITS序列分析，我们认为Scalindua第2分支的厌氧氨氧化细菌代表一个新的厌氧氨氧化细菌种，并将其命名为Scalindua arabica。由于在阿拉伯海、秘鲁OMZ、坦噶尼喀湖和中国南方沉积物中发现了这一新簇的序列，因此我们假设阿拉伯小卷叶蛾的全球分布与阿拉伯小卷叶蛾sorokinii/brodae（或小卷叶蛾分支1）的分布相同。
The anaerobic oxidation of ammonium (anammox) contributes significantly to the global loss of fixed nitrogen and is carried out by a deep branching monophyletic group of bacteria within the phylum Planctomycetes. Various studies have implicated anammox to be the most important process responsible for the nitrogen loss in the marine oxygen minimum zones (OMZs) with a low diversity of marine anammox bacteria. This comprehensive study investigated the anammox bacteria in the suboxic zone of the Black Sea and in three major OMZs (off Namibia, Peru and in the Arabian Sea). The diversity and population composition of anammox bacteria were investigated by both, the 16S rRNA gene sequences and the 16S-23S rRNA internal transcribed spacer (ITS). Our results showed that the anammox bacterial sequences of the investigated samples were all closely related to the Candidatus Scalindua genus. However, a greater microdiversity of marine anammox bacteria than previously assumed was observed. Both phylogenetic markers supported the classification of all sequences in two distinct anammox bacterial phylotypes: Candidatus Scalindua clades 1 and 2. Scalindua 1 could be further divided into four distinct clusters, all comprised of sequences from either the Namibian or the Peruvian OMZ. Scalindua 2 consisted of sequences from the Arabian Sea and the Peruvian OMZ and included one previously published 16S rRNA gene sequence from Lake Tanganyika and one from South China Sea sediment (97.9-99.4% sequence identity). This cluster showed only <or= 97% sequence identity to other known Candidatus Scalindua species. Based on 16S rRNA gene and ITS sequences we propose that the anammox bacteria of Scalindua clade 2 represent a novel anammox bacterial species, for which the name Candidatus Scalindua arabica is proposed. As sequences of this new cluster were found in the Arabian Sea, the Peruvian OMZ, in Lake Tanganyika and in South China sediment, we assume a global distribution of Candidatus Scalindua arabica as it is observed for Candidatus Scalindua sorokinii/brodae (or Scalindua clade 1).