A serendipitous, quasi-natural experiment: earthquake risk perceptions and hazard adjustments among college students
A serendipitous, quasi-natural experiment: earthquake risk perceptions and hazard adjustments among college students
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一个偶然的、准自然的实验：大学生的地震风险认知和灾害调整
作者：
A. Greer;Hao;H. Murphy
危害经验已被证明会影响人们对风险的认知、危害的显著性以及人们考虑和采取的危害调整类型。然而，探索经验对这些概念和决策影响的文献是有限的，学者们经常对什么是经验持不同意见，并且缺乏将事件前的结果与事件后的结果进行比较的措施。鉴于在灾害发生时进行影响前评估所需的时间准确性预测和在灾后环境中进行调查都存在困难，对灾害进行灾前事后研究的情况很少。这项研究通过分发一份调查问卷，探索俄克拉何马州大学生对地震的反应，并在俄克拉何马州现代史上最大的地震发生之前和之后的一段时间内收到反馈，从而实现了这一目标。与大部分现有文献一致，我们的研究结果显示波尼地震对受访者的风险认知和危险显著性有显著影响。与其他研究结果相反，我们没有发现危险显著性和危险调整之间的关系。所进行的调整主要限于搜集资料的措施。值得注意的是，风险感知更有可能与地震后的调整措施相关。这表明，地震前的风险认知不足以激发采取调整的意愿，但波尼地震导致那些风险认知增强的人，以及其他风险认知受到地震积极影响的人，考虑采取危险调整。我们建议应急管理人员利用这个窗口来鼓励居民采取调整措施。
Hazard experience has been shown to influence risk perceptions, hazard salience, and the types of hazard adjustments people consider and undertake. Literature exploring the impact of experience on these constructs and decisions is, however, limited, with scholars often disagreeing on what counts as experience and lacking pre-event measures to compare to post-event outcomes. Given the difficulties in both predicting hazard occurrences with the temporal accuracy required to conduct pre-impact assessments close to the event and implementing surveys in a post-disaster environment, pre–post studies of disasters are rare. This study, by serendipity, achieved just this by distributing a survey exploring responses to techna earthquakes by college students in Oklahoma, receiving responses in the period just before and after the largest earthquake in modern Oklahoma history. In line with much of the existing literature, our results show that the Pawnee earthquake had significant impacts on respondents’ risk perceptions and hazard salience. Contrary to other findings, we did not find a relationship between hazard salience and hazard adjustments. Adjustments undertaken were predominately limited to information-seeking measures. Risk perceptions, of note, were more likely to be correlated with adjustment measures after the earthquake. This indicates that risk perceptions prior to the earthquake were not enough to motivate intention to adopt adjustments, but the Pawnee earthquake led those with heightened risk perceptions, along with others that had their risk perceptions positively influenced by the earthquake, to consider adopting hazard adjustments. We suggest that emergency managers use this window to encourage residents to undertake adjustment measures.
影响因子：
4.2
作者：
Halpern-Felsher, BL;Millstein, SG;Biehl, M
通讯作者：
Biehl, M