The Discourse of Self-learning: An Analysis of Japan’s EPA Programme for Healthcare Workers from Southeast Asia

The Discourse of Self-learning: An Analysis of Japan’s EPA Programme for Healthcare Workers from Southeast Asia
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自学话语:日本针对东南亚医护人员的 EPA 计划分析

DOI:
10.1080/10357823.2022.2069675
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发表时间:
2022
影响因子:
1.2
通讯作者:
Otomo Ruriko
Otomo Ruriko
中科院分区:
法学3区
文献类型:
--
作者:
Tsuyoshi Udagawa;Moeka Seki;Toshifumi Inada;Otomo Ruriko

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日本分别于2008年、2009年和2014年与印度尼西亚、菲律宾和越南签署了经济伙伴关系协定(EPAs),其中每个国家都包括一项鼓励医疗工作者进入日本的计划。这一计划作为东南亚移徙工人持续就业的典范,一直受到严格审查。申请人必须在进入接收机构工作之前完成一年的日语培训,并在抵达日本后的三到四年内参加日语医疗执照考试。本文考察了语言学习实践和环境的政策话语,这是确保参与者在该计划下持续就业的重要参数。研究的主要发现是,外来务工人员对自我学习的过度促进与东道国机构对其语言学习的支持水平较低相关。我认为,日本政府通过鼓励语言创业,将由此产生的负面后果——比如在职培训的制度负担和考试通过率低——的责任转移到了移民工人身上。
Japan signed Economic Partnership Agreements (EPAs) with Indonesia, the Philippines and Vietnam in 2008, 2009 and 2014 respectively, each of which includes a scheme that encourages the movement of healthcare workers into Japan. This scheme has remained a subject of intense scrutiny as a model of continuous employment of migrant workers from Southeast Asia. Applicants are required to complete one year of Japanese language training prior to working at the host institutions, and are expected to sit the Japanese-language healthcare licensure examination within three to four years of their arrival in Japan. This article examines the policy discourse of language learning practices and environments, which are important parameters for ensuring participants’ ongoing employment under this programme. The major finding is that the excessive promotion of self-learning among migrant workers correlates with a lower level of support from host institutions for their language learning. I argue that the Japanese government has shifted the responsibility for resultant negative consequences – such as the institutional burden of on-the-job training and the low exam pass rate – to the migrant workers by encouraging linguistic entrepreneurship.
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