How preview space/time translates into preview cost/benefit for fixation durations during reading
How preview space/time translates into preview cost/benefit for fixation durations during reading
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DOI：
10.1080/17470218.2012.658073
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发表时间：
2013-03-01
影响因子：
1.7
通讯作者：
McDonald, Scott A.
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Kliegl, Reinhold;Hohenstein, Sven;McDonald, Scott A.
阅读过程中的眼动控制依赖于中央凹和旁凹信息。如果下一个单词的旁视预览被抑制，则阅读的效率较低。McDonald（2006）的线性混合模型（LMM）再分析证实了他的观察，即预览益处可能仅限于被选为眼跳目标的旁视单词。超越原始分析，在同一个LMM中，我们研究了预览效果（即，随机字母和相同预览之间的单次注视持续时间SFD的差异）取决于对前目标单词的注视持续时间和将眼睛移动到目标单词上的扫视的幅度。有两个关键结果：（a）扫视幅度越短（即，预览空间越大），具有相同预览的后续SFD越短;在随机字母预览的情况下没有观察到这种关联。(b)然而，在前目标单词上的注视持续时间越长，在目标上的后续SFD越长，随机字母串和相同预览之间的差异随着预览时间而增加。第三种模式是在目标注视持续时间内观察到与较短扫视幅度相关的旁视中随机字母串的成本增加。因此，Lebron揭示了预览效果，通常总结在预览效益下，是预览成本和预览效益的复杂混合物，并随预览空间和预览时间而变化。对阅读的影响是旁视预览不仅促进了词汇通达，而且干扰了词汇通达。
Eye-movement control during reading depends on foveal and parafoveal information. If the parafoveal preview of the next word is suppressed, reading is less efficient. A linear mixed model (LMM) reanalysis of McDonald (2006) confirmed his observation that preview benefit may be limited to parafoveal words that have been selected as the saccade target. Going beyond the original analyses, in the same LMM, we examined how the preview effect (i.e., the difference in single-fixation duration, SFD, between random-letter and identical preview) depends on the gaze duration on the pretarget word and on the amplitude of the saccade moving the eye onto the target word. There were two key results: (a) The shorter the saccade amplitude (i.e., the larger preview space), the shorter a subsequent SFD with an identical preview; this association was not observed with a random-letter preview. (b) However, the longer the gaze duration on the pretarget word, the longer the subsequent SFD on the target, with the difference between random-letter string and identical previews increasing with preview time. A third patternincreasing cost of a random-letter string in the parafovea associated with shorter saccade amplitudeswas observed for target gaze durations. Thus, LMMs revealed that preview effects, which are typically summarized under preview benefit, are a complex mixture of preview cost and preview benefit and vary with preview space and preview time. The consequence for reading is that parafoveal preview may not only facilitate, but also interfere with lexical access.