Immune responses to Helicobacter pylori infection
Immune responses to Helicobacter pylori infection
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DOI：
10.3748/wjg.v20.i19.5583
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发表时间：
2014-05-21
影响因子：
4.3
通讯作者：
Velin, Dominique
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Moyat, Mati;Velin, Dominique
幽门螺杆菌（H. pylori）感染是全世界人类最常见的感染之一。幽门螺杆菌表达的脂多糖和鞭毛蛋白不能有效激活Toll样受体，并表达专用效应子，例如γ-谷氨酰转肽酶、空泡细胞毒素（vacA）、精氨酸酶，主动诱导耐受信号。从这个角度来看，幽门螺杆菌可以被认为是属于胃微生物群的共生细菌。然而，当幽门螺杆菌存在于胃中时，它会降低胃微生物群的整体多样性，并通过诱导Nod1依赖性促炎程序以及通过产生中性粒细胞激活蛋白来激活中性粒细胞来促进胃炎症。胃粘膜慢性炎症的维持和毒力因子（vacA 和细胞毒素相关基因 A）的直接作用赋予幽门螺杆菌致癌活性。因此，幽门螺杆菌不能被视为共生细菌，而是病原体的一部分。幽门螺杆菌疫苗的开发将为感染抗生素耐药性幽门螺杆菌菌株的个体和不发达国家的人群带来健康益处。 (C) 2014 百事登出版集团有限公司版权所有。
Helicobacter pylori (H. pylori) infection is one of the most common infections in human beings worldwide. H. pylori express lipopolysaccharides and flagellin that do not activate efficiently Toll-like receptors and express dedicated effectors, such as gamma-glutamyl transpeptidase, vacuolating cytotoxin (vacA), arginase, that actively induce tolerogenic signals. In this perspective, H. pylori can be considered as a commensal bacteria belonging to the stomach microbiota. However, when present in the stomach, H. pylori reduce the overall diversity of the gastric microbiota and promote gastric inflammation by inducing Nod1-dependent pro-inflammatory program and by activating neutrophils through the production of a neutrophil activating protein. The maintenance of a chronic inflammation in the gastric mucosa and the direct action of virulence factors (vacA and cytotoxin-associated gene A) confer pro-carcinogenic activities to H. pylori. Hence, H. pylori cannot be considered as symbiotic bacteria but rather as part of the pathobiont. The development of a H. pylori vaccine will bring health benefits for individuals infected with antibiotic resistant H. pylori strains and population of underdeveloped countries. (C) 2014 Baishideng Publishing Group Inc. All rights reserved.