Posttraumatic regeneration involves differential expression of long terminal repeat (LTR) retrotransposons
Posttraumatic regeneration involves differential expression of long terminal repeat (LTR) retrotransposons
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DOI：
10.1002/dvdy.23844
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发表时间：
2012-10-01
影响因子：
2.5
通讯作者：
Garcia-Arraras, Jose E.
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Mashanov, Vladimir S.;Zueva, Olga R.;Garcia-Arraras, Jose E.
背景：逆转录转座子是构成真核生物基因组相当大比例的可移动遗传元件。尽管已知逆转录因子在胚胎发生、应激反应和疾病进展中发挥重要作用，但从未在动物再生的背景下研究过它们。结果：在这项研究中，高通量转录组分析揭示了海参放射状器官再生中逆转录转座子的转录活性发生了意想不到的大规模变化。特别是，我们鉴定了 36 个长末端重复（LTR）逆转录元件，其中 20 个在再生过程中表现出显着的表达变化（11 个上调，8 个下调，1 个最初上调，但后来下调）。然后我们详细研究了上调最显着的元素 Gypsy-1_Hg。该转座子在再生过程中表现出表达的急剧增加（>50倍），并且仅在受损组织的解剖组织恢复后才开始恢复到正常水平。所有表达 Gypsy-1_Hg 的细胞均位于伤口附近，包括神经胶质细胞和桡神经神经元。表达逆转录转座子的细胞在程序性细胞死亡中幸存下来并有助于再生。结论：我们的研究结果表明，与棘皮动物创伤后再生相关的反转录转座子的转录活性（过度表达和下调）发生了相当大的变化。发展动态 241:16251636，2012。(c) 2012 Wiley periodicals, Inc.
Background: Retrotransposons are mobile genetic elements that constitute a sizable proportion of eukaryote genomes. Although retroelements are known to play significant roles in embryogenesis, stress reactions, and disease progression, they have never been studied in the context of animal regeneration. Results: In this study, high-throughput transcriptome analysis revealed unexpectedly large-scale changes in transcriptional activity of retrotransposons in regenerating radial organs of the sea cucumber Holothuria glaberrima. In particular, we identified 36 long terminal repeat (LTR) retroelements, of which 20 showed significant changes in their expression during regeneration (11 up-regulated, 8 down-regulated, and one was initially up-regulated, but later down-regulated). We then studied in detail the most significantly up-regulated element, Gypsy-1_Hg. This transposon showed a drastic (>50-fold) increase in expression in regeneration and started to return to the normal levels only after the anatomical organization of the injured tissues was restored. All cells expressing Gypsy-1_Hg were located in the vicinity of the wound and included glia and neurons of the radial nerve. The retrotransposon-expressing cells survived programmed cell death and contributed to regeneration. Conclusions: Our findings demonstrate considerable changes in transcriptional activity of retrotransposons (both over-expression and down-regulation) associated with posttraumatic regeneration in an echinoderm. Developmental Dynamics 241:16251636, 2012. (c) 2012 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.