Towards a Principle-Based Healthcare Agent
Towards a Principle-Based Healthcare Agent
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DOI：
10.1007/978-3-319-08108-3_5
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发表时间：
2015-01-01
期刊：
影响因子：
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通讯作者：
Anderson, Michael
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Anderson, Susan Leigh;Anderson, Michael
为了让医疗机器人能够与人类互动，我们必须确保它们以符合道德责任的方式行事，并遵循可接受的道德原则(S)。赋予机器人道德原则来指导他们的行为，导致他们成为道德代理人；但我们认为，应该为他们的行为负责的是人类设计师，而不是机器人。在设计在医疗保健领域发挥作用的伦理自主机器人接近尾声时，我们开发了一种方法，通过与伦理学家的自动对话，发现机器人可能采取的行动的伦理相关特征，具有适当范围的强度，最大化或最小化这些特征的初步职责，以及应用于指导其行为的决策原则。我们对一个有道德的机器人助手行为的愿景表明，道德原则被用来在每一个时刻选择最好的动作，而不仅仅是决定一个特定的动作是否可以接受。此外，我们坚持认为，机器伦理学研究为我们提供了一个关于伦理学的新视角。我们认为，这项研究很有可能带来令人惊讶的新见解，从而在伦理理论方面取得突破。
To feel comfortable allowing healthcare robots to interact with human beings, we must ensure that they act in an ethically responsible manner, following an acceptable ethical principle(s). Giving robots ethical principles to guide their behavior results in their being ethical agents; yet we argue that it is the human designers, not the robots, who should be held responsible for their actions. Towards the end of designing ethical autonomous robots that function in the domain of healthcare, we have developed a method, through an automated dialogue with an ethicist, for discovering the ethically relevant features of possible actions that could be taken by a robot, with an appropriate range of intensities, prima facie duties to either maximize or minimize those features, as well as decision principles that should be used to guide its behavior. Our vision of how an ethical robot assistant would behave demonstrates that an ethical principle is used to select the best action at each moment, rather than just determine whether a particular action is acceptable or not. Further, we maintain that machine ethics research gives us a fresh perspective on ethics. We believe that there is a good chance that this research may lead to surprising new insights, and therefore breakthroughs, in ethical theory.