Intensive Short Term Measurements of the Ambient Aerosol in the Greater Cincinnati Airshed.
Intensive Short Term Measurements of the Ambient Aerosol in the Greater Cincinnati Airshed.
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大辛辛那提空气流域环境气溶胶的密集短期测量。
DOI：
10.1080/027868290502263
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发表时间：
2004
期刊：
影响因子：
--
通讯作者：
Biswas,Pratim
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
McDonald,Rafael;Hu,Shaohua;Martuzevicius,Dainius;Grinshpun,SergeyA;Lemasters,Grace;Biswas,Pratim
作为在大辛辛那提地区进行的一项更大规模研究的一部分，以确定柴油卡车排放物是否是儿童过敏起始中自然发生的生物气溶胶的辅助剂，进行了更详细的密集测量活动，以阐明环境气溶胶的特征，并与正在进行的常规综合测量进行比较。在几个地点建立了质量浓度、总数浓度、粒径分布和形态，包括远离主要交通的住宅区（Mernic）、主要公路两侧的郊区（I-275，蓝灰），位于市中心，非常靠近高速公路（I-75，Findlay）和卡车驾驶学校的封闭椭圆形轨道。观察到实时锥形元件振荡微量天平（TEOM）平均质量浓度和积分哈佛冲击器（HI）测量值之间的差异，差异的大小取决于样品中的位置和有机化合物（OC）浓度。实时PM 2.5浓度峰值的定性变化与芬德利站点的卡车交通量的变化有关;在Mernic没有观察到实时PM 2.5水平的峰值。在蓝灰站点（卡车较少），随着与高速公路的距离，观察到PM 2.5的变化最小。与其他地点相比，Mernic地点的聚集颗粒比例较小。在Findlay、Blue Ash和Truck Driving School站点测得的二维分形维数在统计学上相同（1.58-1.61），但高于Mernic站点测得的（1.41）。与流行病学研究维斯密集测量运动的影响进行了简要讨论。
As part of a larger study undertaken in the Greater Cincinnati area to determine if diesel truck emissions are adjuvant to naturally occurring bioaerosols in the initiation of allergies in children, a more detailed intensive measurement campaign was undertaken to elucidate the characteristics of the ambient aerosol and compare to the regular, integrated measurements being conducted. The mass concentration, total number concentration, size distributions, and morphologies were established at several locations including a residential area far from major traffic (Mernic), a suburban area on both sides of a major highway (I-275, Blue Ash), a site in the city center very close to the highway (I-75, Findlay), and an enclosed oval track at a Truck Driving School.Differences between real-time tapered element oscillating microbalance (TEOM) average mass concentrations and integrated Harvard impactor (HI) measurements were observed, with the magnitude of the difference being dependent on location and the organic compounds (OC) concentrations in the sample. Qualitative variation of the peaks in real-time PM 2.5 concentrations were observed with variation in truck traffic at the Findlay site; and no peaks in real-time PM 2.5 levels were observed at Mernic. Minimal variation in PM 2.5 was observed with distance from the highway at the Blue Ash site (fewer trucks). The site at Mernic had a smaller fraction of aggregated particles in comparison to the other sites. The two-dimensional fractal dimensions measured at the Findlay, Blue Ash, and Truck Driving School sites were statistically identical (1.58–1.61) but were higher than that measured at the Mernic site (1.41). Implications of the intensive measurement campaign vis-à-vis the epidemiological study are discussed briefly.