Evolutionary analyses of non-genealogical bonds produced by introgressive descent
Evolutionary analyses of non-genealogical bonds produced by introgressive descent
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DOI：
10.1073/pnas.1206541109
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发表时间：
2012-11-06
影响因子：
11.1
通讯作者：
Burian, Richard M.
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Bapteste, Eric;Lopez, Philippe;Burian, Richard M.
所有进化生物学家都熟悉单谱系中以树状方式垂直下降进化的进化单位。然而，许多其他类型的过程也有助于进化多样性。在垂直下降中，特定进化单位的遗传物质通过在其自己的谱系内复制来繁殖。在我们所说的渐渗下降中，特定进化单位的遗传物质传播到不同的宿主结构中，并在这些宿主结构内复制。因此，渐渗下降产生了多种进化单位，并在相似网络中留下了可识别的模式。我们描述了六种进化单位，其中五种涉及由渐渗下降产生的镶嵌谱系。为了便于检测相似网络中的这些单元，我们引入了基于两个概念的术语：P3（三个节点的子图：A、B和C）和镶嵌P3，并提出了一种用于系统检测渐渗下降的装置。马赛克 P3 对应于一种独特类型的进化键，它与进化生物学家通常检查的亲属关系和谱系键正交。我们认为，对这些进化联系的认识激发了对进化生物学中关键问题的彻底重新思考（例如，进化历史早期阶段进化参与者之间的关系、新奇事物的起源和出现，以及新谱系的产生）。这一系列研究将把生物复杂性的研究扩展到通常的谱系联系之外，揭示生物多样性的额外来源。它为更现实地多元对待进化复杂性提供了重要的一步。
All evolutionary biologists are familiar with evolutionary units that evolve by vertical descent in a tree-like fashion in single lineages. However, many other kinds of processes contribute to evolutionary diversity. In vertical descent, the genetic material of a particular evolutionary unit is propagated by replication inside its own lineage. In what we call introgressive descent, the genetic material of a particular evolutionary unit propagates into different host structures and is replicated within these host structures. Thus, introgressive descent generates a variety of evolutionary units and leaves recognizable patterns in resemblance networks. We characterize six kinds of evolutionary units, of which five involve mosaic lineages generated by introgressive descent. To facilitate detection of these units in resemblance networks, we introduce terminology based on two notions, P3s (subgraphs of three nodes: A, B, and C) and mosaic P3s, and suggest an apparatus for systematic detection of introgressive descent. Mosaic P3s correspond to a distinct type of evolutionary bond that is orthogonal to the bonds of kinship and genealogy usually examined by evolutionary biologists. We argue that recognition of these evolutionary bonds stimulates radical rethinking of key questions in evolutionary biology (e.g., the relations among evolutionary players in very early phases of evolutionary history, the origin and emergence of novelties, and the production of new lineages). This line of research will expand the study of biological complexity beyond the usual genealogical bonds, revealing additional sources of biodiversity. It provides an important step to a more realistic pluralist treatment of evolutionary complexity.