Elemental mercury (Hg(0)) in air and surface waters of the Yellow Sea during late spring and late fall 2012: Concentration, spatial-temporal distribution and air/sea flux
Elemental mercury (Hg(0)) in air and surface waters of the Yellow Sea during late spring and late fall 2012: Concentration, spatial-temporal distribution and air/sea flux
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2012年春末秋末黄海空气和表层水中的元素汞（Hg(0)）：浓度、时空分布和海气通量
DOI：
10.1016/j.chemosphere.2014.05.064
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发表时间：
2015
期刊：
影响因子：
8.8
通讯作者：
Zhang Xiaoshan
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Ci Zhijia;Wang Chunjie;Wang Zhangwei;Zhang Xiaoshan
东亚黄海从区域排放中接收了大量的汞输入。然而，汞在这一海洋系统中的循环研究甚少。2012年春末秋末，通过测定大气中气态单质汞（GEM或Hg(0)）和地表水中溶解气态汞（DGM，主要为Hg(0)），探讨了黄海大气中Hg(0)的时空变化规律，进而估算了黄海大气/海洋Hg(0)通量。结果表明，两艘邮轮的GEM浓度基本一致（春季为1.86±0.40 ng m−3，秋季为1.84±0.50 ng m−3），且呈现出中国沿海浓度升高、远洋浓度降低的空间变化格局。两邮轮的DGM浓度也相似，春季邮轮为27.0±6.8 pg L−1，秋季邮轮为28.2±9.0 pg L−1，且存在较大的空间差异。春航和秋航期间空气/海洋Hg(0)通量分别为1.06±0.86 ng m−2h−1和2.53±2.12 ng m−2h−1。结合本研究与我国前期夏季游船的研究结果表明，夏季游船的GEM、DGM和气海Hg(0)通量均呈现增强的趋势。造成这一趋势的原因可能是夏季高太阳辐射促进了海水中Hg(0)的形成，夏季巡航期间的高风速显著增加了从海面向大气排放Hg(0)，从而提高了GEM水平。
The Yellow Sea in East Asia receives great Hg input from regional emissions. However, Hg cycling in this marine system is poorly investigated. In late spring and late fall 2012, we determined gaseous elemental Hg (GEM or Hg(0)) in air and dissolved gaseous Hg (DGM, mainly Hg(0)) in surface waters to explore the spatial-temporal variations of Hg(0) and further to estimate the air/sea Hg(0) flux in the Yellow Sea. The results showed that the GEM concentrations in the two cruises were similar (spring: 1.86 ± 0.40 ng m−3; fall: 1.84 ± 0.50 ng m−3) and presented similar spatial variation pattern with elevated concentrations along the coast of China and lower concentrations in the open ocean. The DGM concentrations of the two cruises were also similar with 27.0 ± 6.8 pg L−1in the spring cruise and 28.2 ± 9.0 pg L−1in the fall cruise and showed substantial spatial variation. The air/sea Hg(0) fluxes in the spring cruise and fall cruise were estimated to be 1.06 ± 0.86 ng m−2h−1and 2.53 ± 2.12 ng m−2h−1, respectively. The combination of this study and our previous summer cruise showed that the summer cruise presented enhanced values of GEM, DGM and air/sea Hg(0) flux. The possible reason for this trend was that high solar radiation in summer promoted Hg(0) formation in seawater, and the high wind speed during the summer cruise significantly increased Hg(0) emission from sea surface to atmosphere and subsequently enhanced the GEM levels.