Acute and long-term ocular effects of acrolein vapor on the eyes and potential therapies
Acute and long-term ocular effects of acrolein vapor on the eyes and potential therapies
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DOI：
10.3109/15569527.2014.975241
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发表时间：
2015-01-01
影响因子：
1.6
通讯作者：
Kadar, Tamar
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Dachir, Shlomit;Cohen, Maayan;Kadar, Tamar
目的：丙烯醛是一种强效刺激物和发泡剂，在第一次世界大战期间被法国人用作战剂，名为“papite”。如今，它在世界各地的工业中大量生产，用于生产丙烯酸和农业除草剂。本研究的目的是描述急性眼暴露于丙烯醛蒸汽的影响，并评估局部暴露后与局部麻醉剂和类固醇联合治疗的效果。方法：兔眼暴露于低、中、高三种剂量的丙烯醛蒸气中，局部用0.4%盐酸苯氧酸酯（局部用，2 h）或地塞米松（地塞霉素，6 d）或两种药物联合治疗。暴露后4周采用裂隙灯检查和组织学评价进行临床随访。结果：丙烯醛蒸汽引起立即闭眼，伴有过度撕裂、角膜糜烂和前房严重炎症。随后，角膜新生血管（NV）最早在接触后1周开始。对眼睛的损害是持久的，暴露后4周，观察到明显的病理改变。暴露后立即应用局麻药localin可防止闭眼，地塞霉素治疗可显著减少初始炎症，降低角膜nvv的程度和发生率。结论：眼睛短期暴露于刺激性丙烯醛可导致立即闭眼和长期致盲的病理。消炎治疗与短期局部麻醉相结合可以防止丧失行为能力，并可能显著减少眼睛损伤的程度。
Objective: Acrolein is a potent irritant and a vesicant that was used by the French during WWI as the warfare agent named: "papite''. Nowadays, it is produced in large amounts all over the world in the industry for the production of acrylic acid and for agriculture use as herbicide. The aim of this study was to characterize the effects of acute eye exposure to acrolein vapor and to evaluate the efficacy of a topical post-exposure combination treatment with a local anesthetic and a steroid.Methods: Rabbit eyes were exposed to three doses of acrolein vapor (low, intermediate and high) and treated topically with either 0.4% benoxinate hydrochloride (localin, for 2 h) or dexamethasone (dexamycin, for 6 days) or a combination of both drugs. Clinical follow-up using slit lamp examinations and histological evaluation was performed 4 weeks post-exposure.Results: Acrolein vapor caused immediate eye closure with excess tearing, corneal erosions and severe inflammation of the anterior chamber. This was followed by corneal neovascularization (NV) starting as early as 1 week post-exposure. The damage to the eyes was long lasting, and at 4 weeks following exposure, significant pathological changes were observed. Immediate post-exposure application of the local anesthetic, localin, prevented the eye closure, and the dexamycin treatment reduced significantly the initial inflammation as well as the extent and incidence of corneal NV.Conclusions: Short-term eye exposure to the irritant acrolein may result in immediate eye closure and long lasting pathologies that could lead to blindness. An anti-inflammatory treatment combined with short-term application of a local anesthetic prevents incapacitation and might minimize significantly the extent of eye injuries.