Energy-Saving Technical Change

Energy-Saving Technical Change
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节能技术变革

DOI:
10.3386/w18456
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发表时间:
2012
期刊:
Ewing Marion Kauffman Foundation Research Paper Series
影响因子:
--
通讯作者:
Conny Olovsson
Conny Olovsson
中科院分区:
--
文献类型:
--
作者:
John Hassler;Per Krusell;Conny Olovsson

文献摘要

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我们利用美国的数据估计了一个在能源和资本/劳动力组合之间具有恒定替代弹性的总生产函数。节能技术变化的隐含指标似乎对1970年代的石油价格冲击反应强烈,并与节省资本/劳动力的技术变化存在中期负相关关系。我们的发现暗示了一种定向技术变革的模型,能源和资本/劳动力之间的短期替代性很低,但通过技术变革在较长时期内具有显著的替代性。我们构建了这样一个模型,根据历史数据对其进行校准,并使用它来讨论未来的可能性。
We estimate an aggregate production function with constant elasticity of substitution between energy and a capital/labor composite using U.S. data. The implied measure of energy-saving technical change appears to respond strongly to the oil-price shocks in the 1970s and has a negative medium-run correlation with capital/labor-saving technical change. Our findings are suggestive of a model of directed technical change, with low short-run substitutability between energy and capital/labor but significant substitutability over longer periods through technical change. We construct such a model, calibrate it based on the historical data, and use it to discuss possibilities for the future.