Dynamics of pulmonary endothelial barrier function in acute inflammation: mechanisms and therapeutic perspectives.
Dynamics of pulmonary endothelial barrier function in acute inflammation: mechanisms and therapeutic perspectives.
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DOI：
10.1007/s00441-014-1821-0
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发表时间：
2014-03
影响因子：
3.6
通讯作者：
Witzenrath M
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Müller-Redetzky HC;Suttorp N;Witzenrath M
肺提供了一个大的内表面，以保证呼吸。在肺泡中，由内皮细胞和上皮细胞及其融合的基底层形成的精致膜确保肺泡和血管室之间快速有效的气体交换，同时形成针对吸入颗粒和微生物的坚固屏障。然而，在感染性或无菌炎症刺激下，白细胞迁移需要严格调节的内皮屏障渗漏。此外，内皮屏障破坏可能导致富含蛋白质的液体不受控制地外渗。本文综述了肺内皮屏障调节和破坏的一些重要机制，重点介绍了特定细胞群、凝血和补体级联以及血管生成素、特定鞘脂、肾上腺髓质素、活性氧和活性氮等介质在肺内皮屏障功能调节中的作用。此外，目前的治疗前景对肺损伤的发展进行了讨论。
The lungs provide a large inner surface to guarantee respiration. In lung alveoli, a delicate membrane formed by endo- and epithelial cells with their fused basal lamina ensures rapid and effective gas exchange between alveolar and vascular compartments while concurrently forming a robust barrier against inhaled particles and microbes. However, upon infectious or sterile inflammatory stimulation, tightly regulated endothelial barrier leakiness is required for leukocyte transmigration. Further, endothelial barrier disruption may result in uncontrolled extravasation of protein-rich fluids. This brief review summarizes some important mechanisms of pulmonary endothelial barrier regulation and disruption, focusing on the role of specific cell populations, coagulation and complement cascades and mediators including angiopoietins, specific sphingolipids, adrenomedullin and reactive oxygen and nitrogen species for the regulation of pulmonary endothelial barrier function. Further, current therapeutic perspectives against development of lung injury are discussed.
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