Volcanic SO2, BrO and plume height estimations using GOME‐2 satellite measurements during the eruption of Eyjafjallajökull in May 2010
Volcanic SO2, BrO and plume height estimations using GOME‐2 satellite measurements during the eruption of Eyjafjallajökull in May 2010
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DOI：
10.1029/2011jd016718
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发表时间：
2012-10
影响因子：
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通讯作者：
M. Rix;P. Valks;N. Hao;D. Loyola;H. Schlager;H. Huntrieser;J. Flemming;U. Koehler;U. Schumann;A. Inness
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
M. Rix;P. Valks;N. Hao;D. Loyola;H. Schlager;H. Huntrieser;J. Flemming;U. Koehler;U. Schumann;A. Inness
[1]2010年4月和5月，冰岛埃亚菲亚德拉冰盖火山爆发，对欧洲空中交通造成前所未有的中断，这表明及时监测火山灰和二氧化硫扩散以及相应的羽流高度对航空安全至关重要。本文介绍了利用GOME-2卫星仪器对火山喷发烟流中SO_2和BrO柱的观测以及SO_2烟流高度的测定。在2010年5月的喷发期间，检测到SO2总柱高达1020 DU，BrO柱高达107.7 × 1013 molec/cm 2。根据GOME-2对埃亚菲亚德拉冰盖喷发的观测，估算出的BrO/SO2比值在1.1 × 10−4到2.1 × 10−4之间。5月5日GOME-2观测资料估算的SO2烟羽高度在8- 1-3 km之间，与目视观测、雷达资料和模拟结果基本一致，在1-3 km范围内。此外，还将GOME-2的SO2观测结果与2010年5月17日和18日德国航天中心Falcon飞机的现场测量结果以及爱尔兰瓦伦蒂亚和德国霍恩佩森贝格的Brewer仪器进行了比较。从Falcon剖面测量得到的SO2柱的范围为0.6-4.7 DU，与GOME-2测量结果的比较显示出良好的一致性，主要在1 DU之内。在5月18日SO2云的飞越期间，Hohenpeissenberg的Brewer观测也与GOME-2测量结果吻合良好，日平均SO2柱为1.3 DU，而在Valentia的Brewer仪器在5月11日显示出高出50%的SO2柱（108 DU）。
[1] The eruption of the Eyjafjallajokull volcano, Iceland, in April and May 2010 caused unprecedented disruptions of European air traffic showing that timely monitoring of volcanic ash and SO2 dispersion as well as the corresponding plume heights are important for aviation safety. This paper describes the observations of SO2 and BrO columns in the eruption plume and the determination of the SO2 plume height using the GOME-2 satellite instrument. During the eruptive period in May 2010, SO2 total columns of up to ∼20 DU and BrO columns of ∼7.7 × 1013 molec/cm2 were detected. The BrO/SO2 ratio estimated from the GOME-2 observations of the Eyjafjallajokull eruption varies from 1.1 × 10−4 to 2.1 × 10−4. The SO2 plume heights estimated from the GOME-2 observations on 5 May range from 8–13 km and mostly agree within 1–3 km with visual observations, radar data and modeling results. Furthermore, the GOME-2 SO2 observations are compared with in situ measurements of the DLR Falcon aircraft on 17 and 18 May 2010 and with Brewer instruments at Valentia, Ireland and Hohenpeissenberg, Germany. The SO2 columns derived from the Falcon profile measurements range from 0.6–4.7 DU and the comparison with the GOME-2 measurements shows a good agreement, mainly within 1 DU. The Brewer observations at Hohenpeissenberg also agree well with the GOME-2 measurements with a daily average SO2 column of ∼1.3 DU during the overpass of the SO2 cloud on 18 May, whereas the Brewer instrument at Valentia shows up to 50% higher SO2 columns (∼8 DU) on 11 May.