Neural responses associated with cue-reactivity in frequent cannabis users
Neural responses associated with cue-reactivity in frequent cannabis users
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DOI：
10.1111/j.1369-1600.2011.00417.x
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发表时间：
2013-05-01
影响因子：
3.4
通讯作者：
Wiers, Reinout W.
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Cousijn, Janna;Goudriaan, Anna E.;Wiers, Reinout W.
线索反应性反映了物质使用障碍的持续使用和复发背后的动机加工的增强。物质使用障碍与眼眶前额叶皮质、前扣带回皮质、纹状体、腹侧被盖区和杏仁核的线索反应性较高有关。在这里，我们研究这是否也适用于经常吸食大麻的人。使用功能磁共振成像(FMRI)，比较了经常吸食大麻者(n=31)、零星吸食大麻者(n=20)和未吸食大麻者(n=21)对中性线索和大麻相关线索的神经反应。此外，功能磁共振成像的结果与大麻使用水平、问题严重程度和渴望相关。在频繁使用者中，与零星使用者和对照组相比，大麻图像在腹侧被盖区产生的激活程度高于对照组。眼眶前额叶皮质、前扣带回皮质和纹状体的激活仅在高问题严重程度与低问题严重程度的频繁使用者亚组中更高。在频繁使用者中，右侧壳核和右侧背外侧前额叶皮质的活动与主观渴望呈负相关。活动与大麻的使用水平无关。这些发现表明，与零星吸毒者和对照组相比，大麻线索激活了频繁吸食大麻者与成瘾病理相关的区域。然而，在经常使用大麻的人中，线索反应性似乎主要与问题的严重性有关，而与大麻的使用量无关。这些发现表明，神经线索反应性是评估大麻使用问题严重性的一种工具。
Cue-reactivity reflects enhanced motivational processing underlying continued substance use and relapse in substance use disorders. Substance use disorders are associated with greater cue-reactivity in orbitofrontal cortex, anterior cingulate cortex, striatum, ventral tegmental area and amygdala. Here we examine whether this also holds for frequent cannabis users. Using functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI), neural responses to neutral and cannabis-related cues were compared between frequent cannabis users (n=31), sporadic cannabis users (n=20) and cannabis-naive controls (n=21). In addition, fMRI findings were correlated with the level of cannabis use, problem severity and craving. In frequent users compared with sporadic users and controls, cannabis images engendered higher activation than control images in the ventral tegmental area. Activation of the orbitofrontal cortex, anterior cingulate cortex and striatum was only higher in a subgroup of frequent users with high compared with low-problem severity. Activity in the right putamen and right dorsolateral prefrontal cortex correlated negatively with subjective craving in frequent users. Activity was not correlated with level of cannabis use. These findings indicate that cannabis cues activate areas associated with addiction pathology in frequent cannabis users compared with sporadic users and controls. However, among frequent users, cue-reactivity seems to be primarily associated with problem severity, not with amount of cannabis use. These findings imply neural cue-reactivity as a tool in assessing problem severity of cannabis use.