Life among the primitives: Protein O-phosphatases in prokaryotes
Life among the primitives: Protein O-phosphatases in prokaryotes
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DOI：
10.2741/kennelly
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发表时间：
1999-03-15
期刊：
影响因子：
--
通讯作者：
Potts, Malcolm
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Kennelly, Peter J.;Potts, Malcolm
原核生物含有至少五个不同的蛋白O-磷酸酶家族，包括AceK、嵌合异柠檬酸脱氢酶激酶/磷酸酶，以及首先在真核生物中鉴定和表征的四个蛋白磷酸酶家族。后者由蛋白质丝氨酸/苏氨酸磷酸酶的 PPP 和 PPM 家族以及蛋白质酪氨酸磷酸酶的低分子量和常规家族组成。原核蛋白O-磷酸酶参与代谢过程的调节和环境信号的转导。某些致病细菌利用蛋白酪氨酸磷酸酶作为毒力因子，将它们注射到宿主细胞中，在宿主细胞中它们以酶促方式扰乱其中蛋白质的磷酸化状态。虽然我们对原核生物中蛋白质 O-磷酸化事件的理解才刚刚起步，但它们的系统发育多样性和遗传操作的可塑性使这些“简单”生物体成为回答有关这一关键生物调节机制的起源和进化的基本问题的强大工具。
Prokaryotes contain at least five distinct families of protein O-phosphatases, including AceK, the chimeric isocitrate dehydrogenase kinase/phosphatase, and four protein phosphatase families first identified and characterized in Eukaryotes. The latter consist of the PPP and PPM families of protein-serine/threonine phosphatases, and the low molecular weight and conventional families of protein-tyrosine phosphatases. Prokaryotic protein O-phosphatases participate in the regulation of metabolic processes and the transduction of environmental signals. Certain pathogenic bacteria employ protein-tyrosine phosphatases as virulence factors, injecting them into host cells where they enzymatically perturb the phosphorylation state of proteins therein. While our understanding of protein O-phosphorylation events in Prokaryotes only now is emerging from its infancy, their phylogenetic diversity and malleability to genetic manipulation render these "simple" organisms powerful vehicles for answering fundamental questions concerning the origins and evolution of this key biological regulatory mechanism.