Potential roles of extracellular non–coding RNAs in pain treatment
Potential roles of extracellular non–coding RNAs in pain treatment
复制标题
细胞外非编码 RNA 在疼痛治疗中的潜在作用
作者：
丸山 基世;鈴木 秀典;坂井 敦
非编码RNA，包括microRNA和lncRNA，主要通过调节基因表达的不同阶段，如转录、翻译和表观遗传调节来影响各种细胞功能。近年来，研究表明，许多非编码RNA在疼痛疾病中表达异常，可能成为潜在的治疗靶点。有趣的是，一部分非编码RNA被封装在细胞外囊泡中，并大量释放到细胞外空间。这些细胞外非编码RNA可以被附近甚至远处的细胞摄取并发挥自身的功能，表明它们是细胞间通讯的重要介质。事实上，一些细胞外microRNA已被证明通过作用于附近的神经元和免疫细胞而引起痛觉过敏。此外，血液和脑脊液中的细胞外非编码RNA有望作为疼痛疾病诊断、药物反应性预测和预后等多种目的的生物标志物。在这篇综述中，我们总结了目前的见解细胞外非编码RNA在疼痛疾病及其治疗的意义。
Non–coding RNAs, including microRNA and lncRNA, affect various cellular functions primarily by regulating diverse stages of gene expression, such as transcription, translation, and epigenetic modulation. In recent years, it has been shown that many non–coding RNAs are dysregulated in pain disorders and can be a potential therapeutic target. Intriguingly, a part of non–coding RNAs are encapsulated in extracellular vesicles and are abundantly released into the extracellular space. These extracellular non–coding RNAs can be taken up by nearby or even distant cells and exert their own functions, indicating that they act as important mediators of cell–cell communication. In fact, some extracellular microRNAs have been shown to cause hyperalgesia by acting nearby neurons and immune cells. In addition, extracellular non–coding RNAs in blood and cerebrospinal fluid are expected as a biomarker for various purposes, such as diagnosis, drug responsiveness prediction and prognosis, in pain disorders. In this review, we summarize current insights into the significance of extracellular non–coding RNA in pain disorders and their treatment.