Spatial Distributions and Seasonal Changes of Current-Use Pesticides from the North Pacific to the Arctic Oceans
Spatial Distributions and Seasonal Changes of Current-Use Pesticides from the North Pacific to the Arctic Oceans
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DOI：
10.1029/2018jd030186
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发表时间：
2019-08-27
影响因子：
4.4
通讯作者：
Cai, Minghong
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Gao, Yuan;Zheng, Hongyuan;Cai, Minghong
在第七次和第八次中国北极科考船“雪龙”号(2016和2017)航次中，调查了北太平洋至北冰洋海域海水和大气中8种常用农药(CUPS)的分布情况。海水中总CUP浓度具有显著的季节和纬度趋势，初夏低纬度地区浓度较高。西格玛8CUP的主要贡献者在不同季节变化不大，其中百菌清、甲草胺和阿特拉津占90%以上，但它们的浓度确实有明显的季节变化。然而，八个被分析的杯子的成分在不同的季节变化不明显，这表明可能是环境对这些化合物的综合影响，而不是个别化学性质的影响。3天后向大气质量轨迹表明，来自中国东北部的大气质量对中国东部和日本海的大气质量浓度偏高起主要作用，而来自北大西洋的大气质量对局地大气质量浓度偏低起主要作用。逸度比分别指示了北冰洋加拿大海盆和日本海加拿大海盆中绿氯苯的潜在挥发和平衡，以及这两个地区其他杯子的沉积。然而，大气中的浓度与海水中的浓度是脱钩的，这表明汇率很低。
Distributions of eight targeted current-use pesticides (CUPs) chloroneb, simazine, atrazine, alachlor, dacthal, chlorobenzilate, methoxychlor, and permethrin were investigated in seawater and the atmosphere in a region covering the North Pacific to the Arctic Oceans during the 7th and 8th Chinese National Arctic Research Expedition (2016 and 2017) voyages of the research vessel R/V Xuelong (Snow Dragon in English). Total CUP concentrations in seawater have prominent seasonal and latitudinal trends, with higher concentrations occurring at lower latitudes in early summer. The major contributors of the CUPs (Sigma 8CUP) did not alter over different seasons with dominant chloroneb, alachlor, and atrazine accounting for more than 90%, but their concentrations did have marked seasonal changes. However, the compositions of the eight analyzed CUPs varied indistinctly between seasons indicating a possible combined environmental impact on these compounds rather than the effects of individual chemical properties. Three-day backward air mass trajectories indicate that atmospheric masses from northeastern China are responsible for the high concentrations of CUPs in East China and Japan Seas, whereas those from the North Atlantic Ocean contribute to the low levels in local area. Fugacity ratios indicate potential volatilization and equilibrium of chloroneb in the Canada Basin of the Arctic Ocean and Japan Sea, respectively, and deposition of other CUPs in both regions. However, atmospheric concentrations are decoupled from those in seawater, which indicates a low exchange rate.