NON-FATAL INJURIES TO CAR OCCUPANTS: INJURY ASSESSMENT AND ANALYSIS OF IMPACTS CAUSING SHORT AND LONG TERM CONSEQUENCES WITH SPECIAL REFERENCE TO NECK INJURIES
NON-FATAL INJURIES TO CAR OCCUPANTS: INJURY ASSESSMENT AND ANALYSIS OF IMPACTS CAUSING SHORT AND LONG TERM CONSEQUENCES WITH SPECIAL REFERENCE TO NECK INJURIES
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汽车乘员的非致命伤害：伤害评估和造成短期和长期后果的影响分析，特别是颈部伤害
DOI：
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发表时间：
1998
期刊：
影响因子：
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通讯作者：
M. Krafft
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
M. Krafft
本论文针对非致命伤害导致残疾以下机动车碰撞，根据保险文件，警方报告和碰撞记录的真实生活中的后方影响的速度和碰撞脉冲的变化进行了测量的数据。主要集中在轻微（AIS 1）颈部损伤，也称为挥鞭样损伤。其目的是描述随着时间的推移，乘客之间的残疾分布，并研究不同的伤害严重程度评估水平的残疾模式的优先级排序的重要性。另一个目的是研究在不同车型中，后部碰撞对颈部造成短期和长期后果（AIS 1）的特征和相关风险因素，包括碰撞严重程度和被撞车辆的受伤风险。结果发现，在过去二十年中，残疾的分布发生了变化。两个身体区域主导了这种变化。自20世纪70年代以来，下肢损伤有所减少，AIS 1颈部损伤有所增加。此外，根据残疾程度，不同类型的伤害占主导地位。关于AIS 1颈部受伤的风险因素，在后方碰撞中，长期和短期后果的碰撞严重性参数存在差异。主要结论是AIS 1颈部损伤的比例和数量都有所增加，是导致残疾的非致命性损伤中的主要损伤。这最好在实际碰撞中用机载测量技术进行评估。建议应针对汽车的座椅特性来预防后部碰撞中的颈部损伤。应根据造成长期后果的伤亡情况确定干预的优先次序。（一）
This thesis addresses non-fatal injuries leading to disability following motor vehicle collisions, based on data from insurance files, police reports and crash recordings of real-life rear impacts where the change of velocity and the crash pulse were measured. The main focus is on minor (AIS 1) neck injuries, also called whiplash injuries. The purpose is to describe the distribution of disabilities among occupants over time and to study the importance of different injury severity assessment levels on the priority ranking of the disability pattern. Another purpose is to study the characteristics and associated risk factors of rear impacts causing short- and long-term consequences to the neck (AIS 1) regarding crash severity and risk of injury in the struck car, in different car models. It was found that during the last two decades there has been a change in the distribution of disabilities. Two body regions dominated the change. Injuries to the lower extremities have decreased since the 1970s and AIS 1 neck injuries have increased. Furthermore, depending on level of disability, different types of injuries were predominant. Concerning risk factors for AIS 1 neck injuries in rear impacts there were differences regarding crash severity parameters for long- and short-term consequences. The principal conclusion is that AIS 1 neck injuries have increased both in proportion and in number and are the dominating injury among non-fatal injuries leading to disability. This should preferably be evaluated with on-board measurement techniques in real-life collisions. It is recommended that the prevention of neck injuries in rear impacts should be directed toward the seat characteristics of the car. Priorities for intervention should be based on fatalities and injuries causing long-term consequences. (A)